高考英语动词_高考英语动词时态和语态真题

1.高考需要掌握的不及物动词有哪些（英语）

2.高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

3.求有助于英语作文的动词

4.高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用

5.高考复习常用动词短语归纳(英语)

6.高考英语词汇中表示状态的动词一般不用进行时的词有哪些

7.请列举下高考常考的英语不及物动词和用法

8.高考英语常见形容词和动词有哪些?

1.动词+about

speak/talk about谈论

think about思考

care about关心,对...有兴趣

bring about引起,使发生

set about 着手,开始

come about发生

hear about听说

worry about为...担心

2.动词+away

throw away 扔掉

blow away吹走

carry away拿走,使入迷

clear away清除掉,消散

die away逐渐消失

pass away 去世

wash away冲走

take away拿走

put away收拾起来,存起来

give away背弃,泄露

wear away磨掉,消耗

break away摆脱

send away让走开

turn away把...打发走

3.动词+back

keep back隐瞒,忍住

hold back控制住

call back回电话

look back回顾

give back归还

take back拿回,收回

4.动词+for

run for竞选

ask for要求得到

wait for等候

long for渴望

care for关心,喜欢

search for查找

call for要求,需要

change for用...换

apply for申请

seek for寻找

stand for代表,表示

hope/wish for希望得到

beg for乞求

look for寻找

hunt for寻找

charge for收费,要价

take for误以为...是

come for来拿,来取

5.动词+down

burn down 烧毁

take down记下,记录

cut down削减,砍倒

pass down 传下来

calm down平静下来

settle down 安家

tear down 拆毁,拆除

break down坏了,垮了,分解

turn down调小,拒绝

slow down慢下来

put down记下,写下,镇压

bring down使...降低,使倒下

come down下落,传下

6.动词+at

come at 向...袭击

run at冲向,向...攻击

tear at用力撕

stare at凝视

glance at匆匆一瞥

knock at敲门,窗等

smile at冲某人笑

aim at向...瞄准

wonder at惊讶

shout at冲某人嚷嚷

work at干...活动研究

look at看,注视

glare at怒视

laugh at嘲笑

point at指向

strike at向...打击

shoot at向...射击

call at拜访地点

7.动词+from

differ from与...不同

suffer from受...苦

hear from收到...来信

die from因...而死

keep/stop/prevent from不让...做

learn from向...学习

date from始于...时候

result from由于

separate from把...分离开

8.动词+of

think of想到

consist of由...组成

approve of赞成

talk of谈到

complain of抱怨

dream of梦到

speak of 读到

die of死于

hear of听说

become of发生...情况,怎么啦

9.动词+off

start off出发

set off出发

leave off''中断

show off炫耀

get off下车

see off送行

put off延期,推迟

cut off切断,断绝

keep off避开,勿走近

knock off把...撞落

pay off还清

get off脱下衣服等

trun/switch off关掉

take off脱下,起飞

ring off挂断电话

come off脱掉,褪色

fall off跌落,掉下

go off走开,消失,坏了

break off打断

carry off携走,带走

give off散发出

10.动词+on

depend on依靠

insist on坚持

keep/go on继续

put on穿上,戴上,上演

move on 继续移动,往前走

feed on以...为生

take on 雇佣,呈现

have on穿着

look on 旁观

rely on依靠

carry on继续,进行

spend on在...花钱

call on拜访

live on以...为生

bring on使...发展

try on试穿

pass on传授,传递

turn/switch on打开

11.动词+out

break out爆发

point out指出

pick out选出

burst out迸发

carry out 执行

hold out坚持下去

figure out 算出

bring out 阐明,使表现出

help out救助

set out出发,着手

wear out穿破,使...疲劳

make out 理解,看清楚

cross out划掉

keep out of使不进入,挡住

find out查出,弄明白

try out 试用,试验

put out 扑灭

hand out 散发

run out用完

let out泄露,发出声音

turn out 结果是,生产

come out出版,出来

leave out省略,删掉

work out算出,想出办法等

give out散发,分发,用完

look out当心,堤防

speak out大胆讲出

send out发出,派遣

go out 熄灭 12.动词+in

give in让步

bring in引进,使得到收入

result in导致

join in参加

get in收获,进入

fill in填写

cut in插入

look in来访,参观

hand in上交

drop in拜访

succeed in在...获得成功

take in接纳,吸收

break in强制进入,插话

call in召集,来访

persist in坚持

13.动词+into

look into研究,调查

burst into闯入,迸发

change into把...变成

run into碰到

turn into变成

divide into把...分成

put/translate into把...译成

14.动词+over

turn over翻倒,细想

go over审阅,检查,研究

get over克服

take over接管,接替

fall over跌倒,摔倒

think over仔细考虑

look over翻阅,检查

run over压死,看一遍

watch over看守,照看

roll over翻滚

15.动词+to

belong to属于

refer to谈到,涉及,参阅

turn to向...求助,查阅

see to处理,料理

reply to答复

object to反对

point to指向

stick/hold/keep to坚持,忠于

come to 共计,苏醒

get to到达

bring to使苏醒

agree to同意

supply to为...提供

add to增添

devote to贡献给

compare to与...相比,把...比作

write to写信给

lead to导致,通向

attend to处理

16.动词+up

grow up 成长,长大

build up建立

put up 搭起,架起,安装,住宿,张贴,盖起

do up整理,包装,打扮

get up起床,站起

bring up抚养,呕吐,提出

stay up挺住,熬夜

sit up熬夜

use up用完

lay up积蓄

cut up切碎

end up总结

speed up加快速度

clear up整理,收拾,放晴

burn up烧毁

hurry up赶快

keep up保持

send up发射

open up开创,开辟

break up分解

give up放弃,献出

set up架起,建立

go up增长,上涨

pick up拾起,学会,用车,来接,收听到

turn up开大,出席,出现

take up开始学,从事,占据

eat up吃完

tear up撕碎

make up构成,组成

join up联结起来,参军

come up上来,长出,出现

throw up呕吐

look up查找,找出

catch up赶上

fix up修理,安排,装置

hold up耽搁,使停顿

ring up打电话

divide up分配

17.动词+through

get through通过,干完,接通电话

go through审阅,检查,学习

see through识破

pull through渡过危机,康复

look through 翻阅,看一遍,仔细查看

put through接通电话

check through核对

18.动词+with

deal with处理,对付

meet with遇到,遭受

agree with同意,与...一致

combine with与...相联合

do with处理,需要

talk with同...交流

compare with与...相比

equip with以...装备

cover with用...覆盖

end with以...结束

provide with 以...供给

begin with以...开始

supply with以...供给

play with 玩,玩弄

19.三词以上的短语动词

add up to总计

keep away fro避开,别靠近m

look down on 轻视

put up with忍受

keep up with 赶上

make up for弥补

get on/along with和...相处

get close to接近

get out of逃避,避免

set fire to放火烧

take notice of注意

do well in在...干得好

take a photo of拍...照片

make fun of开玩笑,取笑

get used to习惯于

keep in touch with保持联系

come into being出现

take pride in为...而自豪

take an interest in对...感兴趣

make a fool of愚弄

take charge of负责

make friends with同...交朋友

take part in参加

catch sight of看见

break away from摆脱

do away with废除

look up to仰望,尊敬

catch up with 赶上

run out of用完

go on with继续

look forward to盼望

take hold of握住

get down to认真开始

pay attention to注意

set an example to为...树立榜样

pay a visit to访问

take the place of取代

make use of利用

get into the habit of染上...的习惯

get rid of摆脱

keep an eye on堤防

take care of照看

help oneself to随便吃,用

make room for给...让地方

take advantage of利用

take pity on可怜

play a part in 起作用,扮演...的角色

lose sight of看不见

高考需要掌握的不及物动词有哪些（英语）

《高中英语语法-非谓语动词1》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

非谓语动词1

动词不定式、分词(现在分词,过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用,因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语,也就不受人称和数的限定,因为不是谓语,也就没有时态和语态,但这些词仍能表示动作和状态,所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系,因此也有表示主、被动的形式,同时也有自己的宾语和状语,一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语,分词短语,动名词短语)。非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。非谓语动词形式多样,应用广泛,且在句中起着很活跃的作用,也是语法项目中的重点和难点,学好非谓语动词,才能正确进行口语和书面的交流。

动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用,所以叫做非谓语动词。

(一)动词不定式:

动词不定式由"to+ 动词原形"构成,如:to study, to play,动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用,但仍留着动词的特征,它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语,如:to study hard, to play table tennis。

1、动词不定式的形式变化:动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。

语态式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式

主 动 to build to have built to be building to have been building

被 动 to be build to have been build

2、动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,如:

(1)作主语:To help each other is good.(动词不定式作主语时,一般可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is good to help each other.

(2)作表语:My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语,与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别,如:Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants' children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的谓语动词为is,动词不定式to set up? 为表语,主语为plan,但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语,即动词不定式 to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants' children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语,主语为we,同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的)。

(3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等,如:I am determined to give up smoking.;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next?

(4)作宾语补足语,如:Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去,如:I saw a little girl run across the street.

(5)动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,须先用it作形式宾语,而将该动词不定式后置,如:I don't think it right to do it that way.

(6)作定语:动词不定式作定语时,须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后,如:Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词,如:He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way,不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省去,如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.

(7)作状语:动词不定式可以作下列的状语:①目的状语: Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用,可在不定式前加in order to或so as to(以便或为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词 + 动词不定式,表示"足能?"的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now.

3、复合结构不定式:由for + 名词(或代词宾格)+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语,这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语,如:It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语,这些形容词一般有good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等,如:It is very kind of you to help him every day.

4、疑问词 + 动词不定式:疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语,在句中可作主语、表语或宾语,如:How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.

5、动词不定式的否定式:动词不定式的否定式是由not + 动词不定式构成,如:It's wrong of you not to attend the meeting.

6、动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系:(1)一般式:动词不定式一般式所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,但在多数情况下,是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,如:We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其后),They often watch us play table tennis.(同时);(2)完成式:动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,如:I am sorryto have kept you waiting.(3)进行式:动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中,而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,如:She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in.

7、动词不定式的被动语态用法:如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般就用被动语态形式,如:What is to be done next hasn't been decided yet.

练习、非谓语动词(一)

1. ---- Can you ride a horse? ---- No, I never had the chance ____.

A. for learning it B. for learning how C. how to learn it D. to learn how

2. Paul said, "Give me a chair _____."

A. to sit B. sit C. sit on D. to sit on

3. I ran too fast ______ where I was going.

A. to notice B. for me to notice C. to notice for me D. and notice

4. ---- Have you enjoyed your visit here? ---- Yes, I'll be very sorry______ .

A. for leaving B.of leaving C. to leave D. with leaving

5. ---- I'll help you whenever you need me. ---- Good. I'd like _____me tomorrow.

A. you helping B. that you will help C. you to help D. that you help

6. ---- I didn't hear you come in last night. ---- That's good. We tried_____ noisy.

A. not be B. not to be C. to be not D. to not be

7. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still ______.

A. a good place which to be lived in B. lived as a good place

C. a good place to live in D. living in as a good place

8. ---- Why was the official meeting called? ---- ______ new officers.

A. Select B. Selecting C. To select D. For selecting

9. ---- Where did he go? ---- He went to another store ______.

A. to buy pencils B. for buying pencils C. buy pencils D. buying pencils

10. ---- My baby has a heart trouble. ---- Did the doctor find it difficult ______ ?

A. in treating B. treating C. for treating D. to treat

1~5 DDACC 6~10 BCCAD 《高中英语语法-非谓语动词1》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com

高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

高考英语应该掌握的不及物动词

英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词和不及物动词。

不及物动词：字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语。具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了.

常用的不及物动词 appear ，Appear calm come ，Come easy (safe)

go ，Go mad (crazy, bad, sour, wrong, crazy, hungry, blind) get ，Get angry (ill, wet, excited, married, paid) fall ，Fall asleep( fall ill, fall short, fall flat) feel ，Feel good (sleepy) keep ，Keep quiet (silent) look ，Look fit (well, young, tired)

make， Make certain (sure, ready, a good teacher) prove ，Prove an effective method (correct, accurate) remain ，Remain still (unchanged) rest，Rest satisfied (content) rise， Rise red seem ，Seem happy stand ，Stand still

stay ，Stay young (stay fresh, the same) turn， Turn teacher =become a teacher (yellow) turn out ，Turn out true 用法举例

Look carefully! (注意：carefully 是副词，不是名词，故不作宾语) look at 看…….+宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词，作宾语) （at是小范围 in是大范围）

如： The students work very hard.学生们很努力地学习。 She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。

The accident happened yesterday evening.昨天晚上发生了事故。 与及物动词的区别

及物动词与不及物动词的区别从是否需要宾语来分，实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。

1)及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。如： I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。

“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久?” 2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如： Birds fly.鸟会飞。

It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月。 My watch stopped.我的表停了。

She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。 3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：

a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。试比较： Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)

She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(begin作及物动词)

When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的？(leave 作及物动词) They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词) b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，有时意义不尽相同。如： Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。 Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?

4) 与汉语的比较 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况：

a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而汉语则可用作及物动词，如arrive到达，agree同意，1isten听。英语里这些动词后面常接介词。如：

We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站。(at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)

Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。(to不可省去)(比较：We all heard the lecture.)

Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)

b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如serve为…服务。 Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务

及物动词后可以加宾语，不及物动词后不可以加宾语

动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：

a．主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于："主+谓+宾"；"主+谓+双宾"；"主+谓+宾+宾补"结构。如：

He reached Paris the day before yesterday. Please hand me the book over there. They asked me to go fishing with them.

类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell.... b．主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用于："主+谓"结构。 This is the room where I once lived.

类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....

c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game.

类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....

d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。

这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。 He lifted his glass and drank.

类似的还有：beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植 play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅 ring vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言） hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作 需要注意的一点是：少数不及物动词唯一可跟的宾语是同源宾语，如：I dreamed a dream last night.

一些动词应用中只能用主动表示被动。

1、 Need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve(应得，值得), be worth值得），not bear(经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。

The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。

The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。

These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully.?这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).?你的头发该剪了。

2、不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系，不定式要用主动表被动含义。

I have much work to do. 我有许多要做的事情。（与work有动宾关系，与I有主谓关系） Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在找一间住的房间。（与room有动宾关系，与Tom 有主谓关系）

He has a family to support.?他要维持一个家庭。（与family有动宾关系，与he有主谓关系） 3、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词+形容词 + 不定式； 动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如

difficult, easy, comfortable(舒适的), convenient（便利的，方便的), hard, cheap, expensive, 等，不定式用主动表被动。

The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 The work is easy to do. 这项工作很好做。

I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 That makes poetry difficult to write. 那就使得诗很难写。

4、在be to结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame for starting the fire?这场火灾应由谁负责?

You are to blame for the accident. 你应为这事受动责备。 The house is to let.此房出租。

A lot remains to do.还剩下许多事情要做。

5、系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到), look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)等。

6.一些与can''t(不能)或won''t(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开), act(上演), write(写)，cut(砍，切)，wear(穿，戴)等,用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。

7、一些动词如sell(销售) , wash(洗), clean(打扫), burn(燃烧), cook(煮)等与副词如well(好), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用 ,描会事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语+动词+加副词。例如:The book sells well.这种书很畅销 These clothes wash easily.?这些衣服很易洗。The pen writes well. 这笔很好写。

8、主语much, a great deal, little, what等，其表语如是不定式，则用不定式的主动表被动。 What is to do? 做什么？ Much is to do. 太多要做的事。

9、在“there be”句型中作主语的定语如果现在分词时，所用的现在分词要用主动表被动意义。 There is nothing doing these days. 这些天没事干。 I see there’s a good idea planning. 我知道又在打好主意。

求有助于英语作文的动词

《高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

2009-03-18 11:48 来源：互联网 作者：佚名 [打印] [评论]

情态动词有一定的词义, 表示某种感情或语气, 是不完全动词, 不能单独作谓语, 需和实义动词一起构成谓语. 常见的情态动词有: can / could, may / might, must, shall / should, will / would, need, ought to, dare / dared等

一.may / might的用法:

1.表示?可以?, 即表示说话人许可或请求许可

a. You may take it away.

b. May I come in ?

2.表示?可能, 也许? (在疑问句中通常不用may / might, 而用likely, do you think, can等表示?是否可能, 会不会?的意思)

a. He may come today.

b. Is it likely to rain ?

c. Do you think the train will be late ?

d. Can the news be true ?这消息会是真的吗?

3.在提建议时, 可用May I

a. May I carry your bag ?

b. May I make a suggestion ?

二.can / could的用法:

1.表示许可或请求许可, 相当于may. 但can比may用得更广泛. can不仅表示说话人同意, 准许, 还可以表示客观条件许可. may通常只表示说话人同意或准许

a. The class is over. You can go home now.

b. You can go there tomorrow.

c. Can I borrow your car for today ?

2.在提建议时, 可用Can I / you

a. Can I buy you a drink ?

3.表示?会, 能?, 相当于be able to

a. He can speak English.

b. Can you play tennis ?

c. Little Tom can?t move the big box.

4.在疑问句中表示怀疑, 不确定或不会有的情况, 即?否定的推测?

a. Can it be true ? 这是真的吗?

b. Can it be true that he has passed the exam ? 他真的通过考试了吗?

5.can?t / couldn?t在陈述句中可表示?肯定不, 一定不?的意思

a. He can?t be in the room right now.

b. It can?t have rained last night, for the ground is dry.

6.can?t / couldn?t help doing sth表示?不得不,忍不住做某事?

a. People couldn?t help laughing at the foolish emperor.

7.can / be able to do的区别:

①.be able to可用于各种时态, 而can只有现在时can和过去时could

②.be able to可以和另一个不完全动词连用, 如should be able to (应该能够), must be able to (必须能够)等, 而can则不可以这样用

③.强调?能力?时, 多用be able to

a. The patient was soon able to sit up and read.

④.can可用于人或其他事物作主语的句子中; be able to只用于有生命的名词或代词作主语的句子中

三.must的用法:

1.表示?必须?, 它的否定形式是need not / needn?t, 而不是must not / mustn?t, mustn?t表示禁止或不许做某事

a. You must set off at once.

b. You needn?t tell John about it.

c. You mustn?t play with fire.

2.表示?肯定是, 一定是?的推测意义; 与此对应, 表示?肯定不,一定不?用can?t, 而不用mustn?t

a. You must be very tired now.

b. If he had really been there, I must have seen him.

c. He must have gone away. We don?t see him anywhere.

3.must / have to的区别:

①.must / have to一般可以通用, 但must侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 即?说话人认为必须?; have to侧重于客观上的需要, 含有?客观上不得不?之意

a. If the person is not breathing, you must try to start his breathing.

b. You must / have to study with a teacher if you want to know how to do first aid.

②.must没有时态的变化, 一般用于表示现在或将来; have to有时态的变化, 可用于过去, 现在, 将来各种时态

a. We must study hard when we are young.

b. I think she must remain in hospital for a week.

c. We had to stay there for a whole day because of the rain.

d. We have to practise a lot if we want to speak English well.

e. The situation has changed; we will have to change our plan.

③.它们的否定式mustn?t / not have to有很大的不同: mustn?t表示?不要(做某事)?, 有禁止之意; not have to表示?不必要(做某事)?, 含有?客观上无此必要?之意

a. You mustn?t move a person if he is badly hurt.

b. You don?t have to be a doctor to do first aid.

四.would的用法:

1.表示主观意志和愿望, 即?愿意,想要?

a. Come here whenever you would.

b. He would not leave before he finished his work.

2.would do sth可以表示过去经常发生的动作, 相当于used to do sth

a. When we were children we would go swimming every summer.

b. On Sundays he would go fishing for hours when he lived in the countryside.

3.表示请求, 愿望, 语气客气, 委婉

a. I would like some tea.

b. Would you mind closing the door ?

c. Would you tell me something about your trip ?

4.表示推测, 表示?大概, 也许?的意思

a. That would be the pen you are looking for.那也许是你在找的笔吧

五.should的用法:

1.表示义务, 责任, 可译为?应当?

a. We should complete the text in time.

b. You should be so careless.

2.表示推测或推论, 可译为?可能, 应该是?

a. He should be home by now, I think.

b. He should have arrived in Nanjing by this time.

3.should / ought to的区别:

should / ought to一般可以通用. should侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 有时含有劝告, 建议的口气, 即 ?按我的想法应该如何?; ought to语气更强, 强调?有责任, 有义务做某事?或者 ?按道理应该如何?

a. ?I will start the work at once. I think you should start at once.?

b. ?I will start the work tomorrow. No. You ought to start at once.?

六.need的用法: need表示?需要?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作实义动词

1.need作实义动词时, 注意以下用法:

①.need to do sth; ②.need sb to do sth; ③.need doing sth (主动形式表被动意义)

a. You need to remain in bed.

b. I need you to help me with the housework.

c. The garden needs watering.( =The garden needs to be watered.)

2.need作情态动词时, 多用于否定句及疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. It is still early. You needn?t hurry. =You don?t need to hurry.

b. It is 11 o?clock. Need I go now? =Do I need to go now ?

3.对于用need的提问, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn?t

a. Need I come? Yes, you must. / No, you needn?t.

七.dare / dared的用法: 表示 ?敢?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作为实义动词

1.作为情态动词时, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. Little Jane dared not go alone. =Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Dare you go out alone at night ? =Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

2.作为实义动词时, 可用于: dare to do sth

a. Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

3.should / ought to的区别:

should / ought to一般可以通用. should侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 有时含有劝告, 建议的口气, 即 ?按我的想法应该如何?; ought to语气更强, 强调?有责任, 有义务做某事?或者 ?按道理应该如何?

a. ?I will start the work at once. I think you should start at once.?

b. ?I will start the work tomorrow. No. You ought to start at once.?

六.need的用法: need表示?需要?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作实义动词

1.need作实义动词时, 注意以下用法:

①.need to do sth; ②.need sb to do sth; ③.need doing sth (主动形式表被动意义)

a. You need to remain in bed.

b. I need you to help me with the housework.

c. The garden needs watering.( =The garden needs to be watered.)

2.need作情态动词时, 多用于否定句及疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. It is still early. You needn?t hurry. =You don?t need to hurry.

b. It is 11 o?clock. Need I go now? =Do I need to go now ?

3.对于用need的提问, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn?t

a. Need I come? Yes, you must. / No, you needn?t.

七.dare / dared的用法: 表示 ?敢?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作为实义动词

1.作为情态动词时, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. Little Jane dared not go alone. =Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Dare you go out alone at night ? =Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

2.作为实义动词时, 可用于: dare to do sth

a. Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Did you dare to go out alone at night ? 《高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)

高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用

高考英语写作常用动词及经典句型

1．不及物动词 go come work

2．及物动词 have do make expect（want） tell teach show see hear find watch think get …

She showed him how to grasp the main idea of articles.

I taught myself English when I was at your age.

二．常用句型

1. There be( exist, live, lie , stand…) sb./ sth.

2. sb. have ( has / had ) sth.

3. sb. find / think /feel + it + n./ adj.+ (for sb. ) to do sth.

We think it our duty to work hard.

She finds it necessary to take down notes while listening.

They feel it important to have some working experience.

4. ~ the most +形容词+名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read… Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.

5、Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V

Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。

6、~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过

We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

7、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）

There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.

8、It is universally acknowledged that +句子~~（全世界都知道...）

It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.

9、There is no doubt that +句子~~（毫无疑问的...）

There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

10、An advantage of ~is that +句子（...的优点是...）

An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won‘t create (produce) any pollution.

11、The reason why +句子~~~ is that +句子（...的原因是...）

The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.

The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.

12、So +形容词+ be +主词+ that +句子（如此...以致于...）

So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.

13、Adj / n.+ as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~（虽然...）

Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.

{by no means = in no way = on no account一点也不}

虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

Child as she is, she pays much attention to her behavior.

14、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~

The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...）

The harder you work, the more progress you make.

The more books we read, the more learned we become.

15、By +doing sth., sb. can do sth.（借着...，..能够..）

By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动我们能够始终保持健康。

16、It is said /reported / known / thought/ believed (that)

It is believed (that) reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.

17、On no account can we + V ~~~（我们绝对不能...）

On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

18、It is time + S +过去式（该是...的时候了）

It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

19、根据我个人经验?…

According to my personal experience, …= Based on my personal experience, …

According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.

20、There is no one but ~~~（没有人不...）

There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。

21、It is + n / adj + that / to do…

It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.

It is convenient for us to be able to use computers

22、That is the reason why ~~~（那就是...的原因）

Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don‘t like it.

23. For the past +时间，S +现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）

For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.

24、Since + S +过去式，S +现在完成式。

Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.

25、It pays to + V ~~~（...是值得的。）

It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。

26、It is no use (good) doing…

It’s no good talking without thinking carefully.

27. It is necessary/ important/essential that + sb. (should) + do sth.

It is important that we (should) keep the public places clean.

28、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）

What an important thing it is to keep our promise!

How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事！

29、not only…but also

In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her

Doctor’s degree.

Forests can not only fresh the air but also reduce noise.

30、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~（因为...）

Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.

31、I am greatly convinced (that) = I am greatly assured (that) 我深信…

I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure. 我深信预防是于治疗

32、not…until

I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.

Yesterday I didn’t go to sleep until midnight.

三．常用短语

1. do good to（对...有益），do harm to（对...有害）

Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。

Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。

2. would (not) like to do sth.

(don’t ) feel like doing sth.

had better ( not ) do sth.

would rather ( not ) do sth.

prefer to do…rather than do

Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.

Tom prefers to stay up late to finish the work rather than leave it done the next day.

3. ~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V（..使..能够..）

Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

4. be + forced/obliged + to + V（不得不...）

Since the examination is around the corner, I am obliged to give up doing sports.

5. spare no effort to do sth.

= do one’s utmost to + V = do one’s best（不遗余力的,尽全力去...）

We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.

We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

6. be closely related to ~~（与...息息相关）

Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。

7. Have a great influence on ~~~（对...有很大的影响）

Smoking has a great influence on our health.

8. Get into the habit of + Ving= make it a rule to + V（养成...的习惯）

We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.

9.as if

He talks a lot as if he knew everything. It seems as if I am the first one arriving at school.

10.Leave much to be desired（令人不满意）

The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。

11.be based on（以...为基础）

The progress of society is based on harmony. 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的

高考复习常用动词短语归纳(英语)

高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用

一、接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词和短语

在下列8个动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同：

remember to do(记住去做) remember doing(记得做过)

forget to do(忘记去做) forget doing(忘记做过)

regret to do (遗憾地做) regret doing(后悔做了)

try to do(设法做) try doing(试做)

go on to do(接着做另一事) go on doing(继续做同一事)

mean to do(打算做) mean doing(意味着)

stop to do(停下来去做) stop doing(停止做)

can’t help to do(不能帮助做) can’t help doing(情不自禁做)

1. —You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting.

—Well, now I regret ________ that. (全国卷)

A. to do B. to be doing

C. to have done D. having done

分析答案选D。由语境可知“我”“后悔”在会上提出异议，应接动名词。

2. —The light in the office is still on.

—Oh，I forgot ________. (全国卷)

A. turning it off B. turn it off

C. to turn it off D. having turned it off

分析答案选C。表示忘记做某事，事情还没做，forget后接不定式。

3. In some parts of London, missing a bus means ________ for another hour. (上海卷)

A. waiting B. to wait

C. wait D. to be waiting

分析答案选A。由语境可知句中的mean表示“意味着”，后接不定式。

4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped ________ on a big rock by the side of the path. (全国卷)

A. to have rested B. resting

C. to rest D. rest

分析答案选C。休息是停下来的目的，且发生在stop之后，用接不定式的一般式。

5. Go on ________ the other exercise after you have finished this one. (全国卷)

A. to do B. doing

C. with D. to be doing

分析答案选A。表示做完一事后“接着做”另一事，go on后接不定式。

二、表示未成实现的愿望或打算的动词和短语

表示未曾实现的愿望或打算，即表示“本打算 / 想 / 希望做某事”但事实上却没做的事情，用plan, intend, mean; want, hope, wish, expect等动词的过去完成时，加不定式的一般式，或者这类动词的一般过去时，加不定式的完成式；was / were, would / should like加不定式的完成式；was / were going加不定式的一般式。如：

I would love ________ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (全国卷)

A. to go B. to have gone

C. going D. having gone

分析答案选B。由句意可知，是表示过去未曾实现的期望，用“would love+不定式完成式”。句意是：昨晚我本想去参加聚会的，但是…(from www.nmet168.com)

三、要接动名词的含有介词的常用句型

在介词后一般用动名词，下面是一些含介词的固定句式(其中有的介词有时会被省略)：prevent / stop / keep sb. / sth. from doing (阻止…做…)；spend / waste time or money in doing (在做…方面花费 / 浪费时间或金钱)；How / What about doing sth. (做…怎么样？)；have some difficulty / trouble in doing (在做…方面有些困难)；have a hard time in doing sth. (做某事很艰难); there is no sense in doing(做…是没有理由 / 道理的)；thank (excuse / admire / praise / blame / scold / punish) sb. for doing sth. (因做某事而感谢 / 羡慕 / 表扬 / 责备某人)等。如：

1. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam. (福建卷)

A. pass B. to pass

C. passed D. passing

分析答案选D。因为have a hard time (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难。

2. According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ________ TV. (上海卷)

A. to watch B. to watching

C. watching D. watch

分析答案选C。spend some time (in) doing sth. 做某事花了多长时间。

3. I believe that’s the best way to prevent such a thing ________ again. (全国卷)

A. to happen B. from happening

C. happened D. happen

分析答案选B。prevent sb. / sth. from doing 阻止…做…。

4. Did you have trouble ________ the post office? (全国卷)

A. to have found B. with finding

C. to find D. in finding

分析答案选D。have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 在做方面有困难。

四、to是介词的常用固定结构

to是介词和固定词组很多，常见的有：look forward to(盼望), devote…to / be devoted to(致力于), be / get used to(习惯), lead to(导致), get down to(开始认真), pay attention to(注意), refer to(谈到), point to(指向), turn to(转向), object to(反对), equal to(等于、能胜任), belong to(属于)等。如：

1. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ some schools for poor children. (上海卷)

A. set up B. setting up

C. have set up D. having set up

分析答案选B。devote…to…中to是介词，接动名词；all是devote的宾语，he had是省略了关系代词that的定语从句。

2. The discovery of new evidence led to ________. (上海卷)

A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief

C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught

分析答案选C。lead to中的to是介词，后接动名词；逻辑主语the thief与catch是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式(from www.nmet168.com)。

3. She looks forward every spring to ________ the flower-lined garden. (上海卷)

A. visit B. paying a visit

C. walk in D. walking in

分析答案选D。look forward to中to是介词，后接动名词。再说，若visit用作名词，后面要加介词to，才可接宾语，排除A和B；walk作名词，表示散步，仅用于go for / take / have a walk等结构，排除C。

高考英语词汇中表示状态的动词一般不用进行时的词有哪些

l．动词+about

　 speak／talk about 谈论　　 think about 思考

　 care about 关心，对……有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生

　 set about 着手，开始　　　 come about 发生

　 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心

2．动词+away

　 throw away 扔掉　　　　　　 blow away 吹走

　 carry away 拿走，使入迷　　 clear away 清除掉，消散

　 die away 逐渐消失,减弱　　 pass away 去世

　 wash away 冲走　　　　　　　　 take away 拿走，使消失

　 put away 收拾起来，存起来　 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送

　 wear away 磨掉，消耗　　　　 break away 摆脱

　 send away 让走开　　　　　　 turn away 把……打发走

3．动词+back

　 keep back 隐瞒，忍住　　　　 look back(on) 回顾

　 hold back 控制住　　　　　　 give back 归还

　 call back 回电话　　　　　　 take back 拿回，收回

4．动词+for　

　 run for 竞选　　　　　　　　 ask for 要求得到

　 wait for 等候　　　　　　　　　 stand for 代表，表示

　 long for 渴望　　　　　　　 hope/wish for 希望得到

　 care for 关心，喜欢　　　　 beg for 乞求

　 search for 查找　　　　　　 look for 寻找

　 call for 需要，要求　　　　 hunt for 寻找

　 change…for 用……换　　　 charge…for 收费，要价

　 apply for 申请 take…for 误以为……是

　 seek for 寻找　　　　　　 come for 来拿，来取5．动词+down

　 burn down 烧毁　　　　　　 break down 坏了，垮了，分解

　 take down 记下，记录　　　 turn down 调小，拒绝

　 cut down 削减，砍倒　　　 slow down 慢下来

　 pass down 传下来　　　　　 put down 记下，写下，镇压

　 calm down 平静下来　　　　 bring down 使……降低，使倒下

　 settle down 安家　　　　 come down 下落，传下

　 tear down 拆毁，拆除

6．动词+at

　 come at 向……袭击　　　　 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

　 run at 冲向，向……攻击　 work at 干……活动(研究)

　 tear at 用力撕　　　　　　 look at 看，注视

　 stare at 凝视　　　　　　　 glare at 怒视

　 glance at 匆匆一瞥　　　　　 laugh at 嘲笑

　 knock at 敲(门、窗等)　　　 point at 指向

　 smile at 冲(某人)笑　　　 strike at 向……打击

　 aim at 向……瞄准　　　　 shoot at 向……射击

　 wonder at 惊讶　　　　　 call at 拜访(地点)

7．动词+from

　 differ from 与……不同　　　　 suffer from 受……苦

　 hear from 收到……来信　　　　die from 因……而死

　 keep／stop／prevent…from阻止…… learn from 向……学习

result from 由于 date from 始于……时期　

separate…from 把……分离开

8．动词+of

　 think of 想到 dream of 梦到

　 consist of 由……组成　　　　 speak of 谈到

　 approve of 赞成　　　　　　　 die of 死于

　 talk of 谈到　　　　　　　　 hear of 听说

　 complain of 抱怨　　　　　　 become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

9．动词+off

　 start off 出发 set off 出发

　 leave off 中断　　　 show off 炫耀

　 get off 下车　　　　 take off 脱下，起飞

　 see off 送行　　　　 ring off 挂断电话

　 put off 延期，推迟　　　　come off 脱落，褪色

　 cut off 切断，断绝　　　　　fall off 跌落，掉下

　 keep off 避开，勿走近　　　 go off 消失；坏了,爆炸，不喜欢

　 knock…off 把……撞落　　　break off 打断

　 pay off 还清　　　　　　　 carry off 携走带走，赢得

　 get off 脱下(衣服等)　　　　 give off 散发出

　 turn(switch) off 关掉

10．动词+on

depend on 依靠　　　　　　　rely on 依靠

insist on 坚持　　　　　　　carry on 继续，进行

keep／go on 继续　　　　　　 spend…on 在……花钱

put on 穿上，戴上，上演　　　 call on 拜访

move on 继续移动，往前走　　　live on 以……为生

feed on 以……为生　　　　　　bring on 使……发展

take on 雇用，呈现(新面貌等)　try on 试穿

have on 穿着　　　　　　　　pass on 传授，传递

look on 旁观　　　　　　　　turn(switch) on 打开

11．动词+out

break out 爆发 point out 指出

pick out 选出 figure out 算出，理解

burst out 进发 bring out 阐明，使表现出

carry out 执行，进行 help out 救助

hold out 坚持下去 set out 出发，着手，摆放

wear out 穿破，使……疲劳 turn out 结果是，生产，培养

make out 理解，看清楚 come out 出版，出来

cross out 划掉 leave out 省略，删掉

keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住 work out 算出，想出办法等

find out 查出，弄明白 give out 散发，分发，用完

try out 试用，试验 look out 当心，提防

put out 扑灭 speak out 大胆讲出

hand out 散发 send out 发出，派遣

run out 用完 go out 熄灭

　let out 泄漏，发出(声音)，出租 die out 灭绝

12．动词十in

give in 让步 hand in 上交

bring in 引进，使得到收入 drop in 拜访

result in 导致 succeed in 在……获成功

join in 参加 take in 接纳，吸收，改小

get in 收获，进入 break in 强制进入，插话

fill in 填写 call in 召集，来访

cut in 插入 persist in 坚持

look in 来访，参观

13．动词十into

look into 研究，调查 turn into 变成

burst into 闯入，进发 divide…into 把……分成

change…into 把……变成 put／translate…into 把……译成

run into碰到 send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态

14．动词+over

turn over 翻倒，细想 think over 仔细考虑

go over 审阅，检查，研究 look over 翻阅，检查

get over 克服 run over 压死，看一遍

take over 接管，接替 watch over 看守，照看

fall over 跌倒，摔倒 roll over 翻滚

15．动词十to

belong to 属于 object to 反对

refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅 point to 指向

turn to 向……求助，查阅 stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于

see to 处理，料理 come to 共计，苏醒

reply to 答复 get to 到达

bring to 使苏醒把……比作 compare…to 与…相比;把…比作

agree to 同意 write to 写信给

supply…to 为……提供 lead to 导致，通向

add to 增添 attend to 处理,专心，照料

devote…to 贡献给

16．动词+up

grow up 成长，长大 give up 放弃，献出

build up 建立 set up 架起、建立

put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起

do up 整理，包装，打扮

go up 增长，上涨get up 起床，站起

pick up 拾起，学会，用车，来接，收听到

bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出 出现

turn up 开大(音量等)，出席

stay up 挺住，熬夜

take up 开始学，从事，占据

sit up 熬夜 eat up 吃完

use up 用完 tear up 撕碎

lay up 储存 make up构成，组成 编造 弥补

cut up 切碎 join up 联结起来，参军

end up 总结 come up 上来，长出，出现

speed up 加快速度 throw up 呕吐

clear up 整理，收拾，放晴 look up 查找，找出

bum up 烧毁 catch up 赶上

hurry up 赶快 fix up 修理，安排，装置

keep up 保持 hold up 耽搁，使停顿

send up 发射 ring up 打电话

open up 开创，开辟 divide up 分配

break up 分解

17．动词十through

get through 通过，干完，接通电话

look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看

go through 审阅，检查，学习

put…through 接通电话 see through 识破

check through 核对 pull through 渡过危机，康复

18．动词+with

deal with 处理，对付 do with 处理，需要

meet with 遇到，遭受 talk with 同……交谈

agree with 同意，与……一致 compare with 与……相比

combine with 与……相联合 equip…with 以……装备

cover…with 用……覆盖 begin with 以……开始

end up with 以……结束 supply…with 以……供给

provide…with 以……供给 play with 玩，玩弄

19．三词以上的短语动词

add up to 总计 break away from 摆脱

keep away from 避开，别靠近 do away with 废除

look down on 轻视 look up to 仰望，尊敬

put up with 忍受 catch up with 赶上

keep up with 赶上 run out of 用完

make up for 弥补 go on with 继续

get on(along) with 和……相处 look forward to 盼望

get close to 接近 take hold of 握住

get out of 逃避，避免 get down to 认真开始

set fire to 放火烧 pay attention to 注意

take notice of 注意 set an example to 为……榜样

do well in 在……干得好 pay a visit to 访问

take a photo of 拍……照片 take the place of 取代

请列举下高考常考的英语不及物动词和用法

延续性动词。

以下可供参考：

一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作

如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。

二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词

表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换

高考英语常见形容词和动词有哪些?

英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词和不及物动词。

不及物动词：字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语。具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了.

常用的不及物动词

appear ，Appear calm

come ，Come easy (safe)

go ，Go mad (crazy, bad, sour, wrong, crazy, hungry, blind)

get ，Get angry (ill, wet, excited, married, paid)

fall ，Fall asleep( fall ill, fall short, fall flat)

feel ，Feel good (sleepy)

keep ，Keep quiet (silent)

look ，Look fit (well, young, tired)

make， Make certain (sure, ready, a good teacher)

prove ，Prove an effective method (correct, accurate)

remain ，Remain still (unchanged)

rest，Rest satisfied (content)

rise， Rise red

seem ，Seem happy

stand ，Stand still

stay ，Stay young (stay fresh, the same)

turn， Turn teacher =become a teacher (yellow)

turn out ，Turn out true

用法举例

Look carefully! (注意：carefully 是副词，不是名词，故不作宾语)

　look at 看…….+宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词，作宾语)　

（at是小范围 in是大范围）

　如：　The students work very hard.学生们很努力地学习。

　She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。　

The accident happened yesterday evening.昨天晚上发生了事故。

与及物动词的区别

及物动词与不及物动词的区别从是否需要宾语来分，实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。

　1)及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。如：　I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。　

“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久?”

　2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如：　Birds fly.鸟会飞。

　It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月。

My watch stopped.我的表停了。

　She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。

　3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：

　a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。试比较：

　Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)

　She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(begin作及物动词)

　When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的？(leave 作及物动词)

　They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词)

b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，有时意义不尽相同。如：

Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。

　Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?

　4) 与汉语的比较 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况：

　a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而汉语则可用作及物动词，如arrive到达，agree同意，1isten听。英语里这些动词后面常接介词。如：

　We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站。(at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)

　Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。(to不可省去)(比较：We all heard the lecture.)

　Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)　

b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如serve为…服务。　Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务

　及物动词后可以加宾语，不及物动词后不可以加宾语　

动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：

　a．主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于："主+谓+宾"；"主+谓+双宾"；"主+谓+宾+宾补"结构。如：

　He reached Paris the day before yesterday.　

Please hand me the book over there.

　They asked me to go fishing with them.　

类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....　b．主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用于："主+谓"结构。

This is the room where I once lived.

　类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....

　c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game.

类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....

　d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。

　这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。　He lifted his glass and drank.　

类似的还有：beat　vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打;　grow vi.生长 vt.　种植　play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅　ring　vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话　speak vi.讲话　vt. 说（语言）　hang　vi. 悬挂 vt.　绞死　operate vi.动手术　vt. 操作

　需要注意的一点是：少数不及物动词唯一可跟的宾语是同源宾语，如：I dreamed a dream last night.

词的分类：

1

时间副词

soon, now, early, finally, once, recently

5

频度副词

always, often, frequently, seldom, never

2

地点副词

here, nearby, outside, upwards, above

6

疑问副词

how, where, when, why

3

方式副词

hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really

7

连接副词

how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile

4

程度副词

almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather

8

关系副词

when, where, why

副词及其基本用法

副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。

一、副词的位置：

1） 在动词之前。

2） 在be动词、助动词之后。

3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

注意：

a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。

We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.

b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。

He speaks English well.

二、副词的排列顺序：

1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。

2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。

Please write slowly and carefully.

3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。

改错：(错) I very like English.

(对) I like English very much.

注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。

I don't know him well enough.

There is enough food for everyone to eat.

There is food enough for everyone to eat.

英语中有一些表示方式、 程度的副词具有两种形式。 如late，lately；

high，highly；slow，showly等 等。在这些词当中，两种不同形式所表达的含

义有的完全不同，有的很相似，而有的却完全一致。这就给人们 使用这些词时

带来一定的麻烦。特别是在学生中间，总免不了使用时的混淆。笔者想就此问题

分类作一点探讨 。

（一）本类词有hard，hardly；late，lately；most，mostly等等，这两

种副词形式含义完全不同，所以 ，使用时不易引起混淆。

1.He works hard all day.他整天都在使劲地干活。

He hardly works at all.他很少干活。

2.You have come too late.你来得太晚了。

Have you see him lately?你最近见到过他吗？

3.The person who talks most is of......

8