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高考时态和语态,高考时态和语态的区别

tamoadmin 2024-07-03 人已围观

简介1.成人高考专升本英语难吗?有哪些考点?2.高考英语语法填空的技巧和方法3.高考语法填空常考知识点语法点一、名词和冠词考点有名词的可数与不可数,名词的格,名词作定语,冠词的考点是,定冠词与不定冠词,零冠词.二、代词和it的用法一般常考的是other,another,the other,others的区别,both,either,neither,all,every,each,none的区别。还有so

1.成人高考专升本英语难吗?有哪些考点?

2.高考英语语法填空的技巧和方法

3.高考语法填空常考知识点

高考时态和语态,高考时态和语态的区别

语法点一、名词和冠词

考点有名词的可数与不可数,名词的格,名词作定语,冠词的考点是,定冠词与不定冠词,零冠词.

二、代词和it的用法

一般常考的是other,another,the other,others的区别,both,either,neither,all,every,each,none的区别。

还有something,anything,everything的用法(这个比较简单)这一块最难的应该是it,that,one作代词时的区别了。

三、介词和连词

一般考动词的固定搭配,in,at,for,to,of,on,with,about,from,into,after···常用介词.连词最常考得应该是“除此之外”了,expect,expect for,besides,还有表原因的连词;as,for,since,because的区别。

四、形容词和副词

这一块比较简单最常考的就是比较级了,其次是以ly结尾但不是副词的词了,比如说friendly是形容词,形容词的排序问题在今年的高考中也出现了,不过这个是基础但不是重点。

五、动词和动词短语

这个考点是重点,在完形填空及改错和单选中是必考的,这个只能靠你自己的积累,课本中的动词短语是重点,必须记下来。

六、情态动词和虚拟语气

常见的情态动词就够应付考试了,虚拟语气是高中语法的难点但不是重点。

七、动词的时态和语态(就是主动句和被动句)

时态有一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,现在进行表将来,一般现在表将来,过去将来时(一般不考),现在完成时,过去完成时,现在完成进行时(现在很常考)。

八、非谓语动词

动名词作主语,不定式作主语,动名词作宾语,不定式作宾语,动名词作定语,不定式做定语,这一块也比较简单九、数词和主谓一致,数词的考点;基数词,序数词,分数,百分数,(这一块既不是难点也不是重点),主谓一致在以前比较重要,现在地位有所下降。

十、简单句和并列句

十一、定语从句

这可是重点,不过只要上课认真听,这一块其实不难理解。

十二、名词性从句

常和定语从句进行比较区别,尤其是what和that的区别。

十三、状语从句

时间地点状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,方式状语从句,目的状语从句,有一个问题可以总结以上三个从句。

十四、省略,倒装和强调

比较常考的是,部分倒装和全部不倒装,这一块就这一个重点。

十五、交际英语

也就是口语,这一部分现在很火,每年必考,这个只有靠自己总结.以上就是十五道选择题的来源,当然,不是哪个都会考得,只要学会以上十五个考点,在高考时绝对没问题。

扩展资料:

学好语法的办法:

1、代词。学习代词,首先要对代词的定义、性质、功能及种类有一定的认知;掌握各类代词的用法以及人称代词前后指称的一致的用法。其中各类代词的用法以及不定代词的用法极其构成的固定搭配是学习重点。下面我给出我的学习建议:同学习名词一样,掌握了各个语法要点之后做练习。

2、数词。学习数词时,掌握各类数词的用法、倍数表达法、基数词的特殊念法与时间和数字有关的数词。其中各类数词的用法是学习重点。

3、形容词。掌握形容词的位置及使用顺序和“级”的概念,能辨析不同词缀的形容词。其中形容词的辨析是学习的难点。

4、副词。学习副词,要掌握副词在句子中的位置、顺序和意义相近副词的辨析。其中副词在句中的位置、功能是学习重点,而意义相近副词的辨析是学习难点。

成人高考专升本英语难吗?有哪些考点?

现在完成时(have/has done, have/has been done)

1.现在完成时常用的时间状语有lately,recently,just,already,yet,up to now,till now,so far,to this day,in the past few years/months/weeks/days,over the past few years,during the last three months,for the last few centuries,through centuries,throughout history等。

2.在时间状语从句中,谓语动词可以用现在完成时代替将来完成时。例如:

Mother won’t let her watch TV until she has finished her homework.母亲要到她做完作业才让她看电视。

The dinner party will begin after all the guests arrive/have arrived.所有的客人到了以后,聚餐就开始了。

3.has/have been to与has/have gone to的区别。has/have been to表示“曾去过”,说明有某种经历;has/have gone to表示“已去某地(在途中或已经到达目的地)。例如:

They have been to Sweden many times.他们去过瑞典许多次了。

Jack isn’t in. He has gone to the supermarket.杰克不在,他去超市了。

4.现在完成时特别强调瞬间动词和持续性动词。瞬间动词表示短暂、不能持续一段时间的动作,如come,go,leave,start,begin,become,receive,die,而持续性动词表示能持续一段时间的动作,如work,stay,live,learn等。下面列举一些常用的瞬间动词和对应的持续性动词:leave,be away;die,be dead;put on,wear;fall ill,be ill;borrow,keep;catch cold,have a cold;buy,have;join the army,be in the army。例如:

My brother has been in the army for some time.我兄弟参军有一段时间了。

My brother joined the army some time ago.我兄弟是一段时间以前参的军。

He has been up for an hour.他起床有一小时了。

He got up an hour ago.他一小时前起的床。

Jack has been a soldier for some time.杰克当兵有段时间了。

Jack became a soldier some time ago.杰克是在一段时间前当的兵。

但是,瞬间动词的肯定结构可以用不与“for+时间段”连用的现在完成时,说明某个动作已经发生;瞬间动词的否定结构可以与“for+时间段”连用,说明某动作不发生的状态可以持续一段时间。例如:

Hurry up! The film has begun.快一点!**已经开始了。

We haven’t heard from her for a long time.我们很久没收到她的来信了。

5.句型It is/has been + 时间段 + since(从句的谓语动词用一般过去时) 例如:

It is two months since they came here.他们来这里两个月了。

It is ten years since his father died.他父亲去世有十年了。

6.持续性动词用于含有till/until的句子结构,表示该动作一直持续到某时间终止;而瞬间动词的否定结构用于till/until句子中,表示某动作不发生的状态延续到某时间终止,可译为“直到……才……”。例如:

They went on working till supper time.他们继续工作到晚餐时间。

They didn’t stop wording till supper time.他们一直到晚餐时间才停止工作。

I will stay until you come.我会等到你来。

I won’t leave until you come.直到你来了,我才会离开。

7.句型this is the first/ second/ third … time that(从句的谓语动词用现在完成时) 例如:四、现在完成进行时(have/has been doing, 一般不用该时态的被动语态)

与现在完成时相比,现在完成进行时更强调,在从过去到现在的时间里,动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。例如:

It seems oil has been leaking from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right. 看来,这个管道漏油已有一段时间了,我们将不得不拆卸机器排除故障。

At last you come! I have been waiting for you for the whole morning.你终于来了,整个上午我都在等你。

现在完成时几个值得注意的问题

关于现在完成时,现行教材着重处理了“已完成用法”和“未完成用法”。无论哪种用法都强调一点,即过去动作给现在带来的结果或对现在造成的影响。因此现在完成时不是属于过去时,而是属于现在时的范畴。但在高考复习中,还应该注意一些相关的问题才能对此时态有一个全面的把握。

一、

“已完成用法”是针对瞬间动词(即非延续性动词)而言的,动词通常可以表示在说话之前已经完成,而后果或影响至今仍存在。这些瞬间动词常用的有:start,finish,turn

off / on,lose,become,leave,open,close,join等。例如:

Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚把灯关上。

I’ve finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。

I have lost my pen. 我把笔弄丢了。

She has become a teacher. 她已经当了一名老师。

表示“已完成用法”的对应时间状语只能是表示时间点的词,如just, now, already, yet, not ...

yet,或者干脆不带时间状语,如上述例句中的后两个。

但是瞬间动词与时间段状语如for a week / three

days连用时,并非指瞬间动词的动作延续了多久,而是包含下述两层意思:①谓语动作已完成,②接续动作要持续多久。例如:

He has come here for three days. 他来了,准备待三天。

He has left Shanghai for New York for two years.

他已离开上海去纽约,要在那里住两年。

显然若把上述两句理解成“他已来了三天”和“他已离开上海去纽约两年了”都是错误的。

二、

“未完成用法”是针对延续性动词而言的,主要表示从过去开始的动作已持续到现在,而且还会继续下去。动词多为work,study,live,know等,所带的时间状语也是持续性的,如lately,these

days,since 2 days ago,since 1991,for a long time,so far,up to

now等。例如:

I have studied English since 1995. 我从1995年起开始就学习英语。

He has lived here for two years. 他住在这儿已经两年了。

但是延续性动词的完成时不带时间状语则不是说明“过去开始的动作已持续到现在,而且还会继续下去”,而是说明“动作已经结束,而影响还留在现在”。例如:

She has been a teacher. 她当过教师。(含义:她现在不是教师了,在干别的工作。)

(比较:She has been a teacher for three years.

她当教师已有三年。——现在还是教师。)

三、

按英语语法规律,瞬间动词不能和表示时间段的状语连用,但是汉语里,却可以这样,因此英汉两种语言在转换时必然有障碍。在这里,只要抓住转换规律,矛盾就会迎刃而解。现把中学阶段由瞬间性转为延续性的若干对动词列举于下面:

die → be dead

go out → be out

open → be open

begin / start → be on

buy / get → have / keep

get up → be up

arrive in / come to / get to / reach → be in

close → be closed

fall / become → be

marry → be married to

get to know → know

finish / end → be over

leave / move → be away / be out of

join → be in

borrow → keep

catch → have

come back → be back

put on → wear / have on

wake → be awake

此外还须记住一些由瞬间动词转换为延续性动词的常用句型:

1) 瞬间动词的过去时 + ... ago → 延续性动词的现在完成时 + for + 一段时间。例如:

他参军三年了。

He joined the army three years ago. → He has been a soldier

for three years.

**已开始十分钟了。

The film started ten minutes ago. → The film has been on for

ten minutes.

2)使用句型“It is / has been + 一段时间 + since +瞬间动词的一般过去时”。例如:

他父亲已去世两年了。

It is / has been two years since his father died.

从上述几点可以看出,在英语学习中,建立起延续性动词和非延续性动词的概念对我们是非常重要的。

四、 正确理解since引导的时间状语从句。

since引导时间状语从句有三种情况:

1) “since + 瞬间动词的过去时”。其从句中的动作已在过去完成,这是我们熟知的句型。例如:

We’ve been friends since we met at school. 我们自从在学校认识以来一直是朋友。

2) “since +

延续性动词的过去时”。它的要点是:时间从延续动词结束后计算,这与瞬间动词的计算不同,现行教材基本没有讲到。例如:

It is three years since he smoked. 他戒烟已经三年了。(= It is three

years since he stopped smoking.)

3) “since + 延续性动词的现在完成时”。其从句的动作或状态延续至今。例如:

They have the deepest affection for the old professor since

they have worked with him.

自打同这位老教授一同工作以来,他们就对他怀有最深切的感情。(他们和教授现在仍然一起共事)

五、 注意以下几个完成时的句型在含义上的区别。

1) have gone to somewhere表示“去了某地(说话时当事人不在场)”,用于第三人称。例如:

He (They) has (have) gone to Beijing. 他(们)去了北京。(现在仍在北京)

不能说:I / We / You have gone to Beijing.

2) have been to

somewhere“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于各种人称。所要求的时间状语是与倍数相关的词,如once,ever,never,twice,several

times,many times等。例如:

I have never been to the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。

How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去过那里多少次?

3) 在“It / This is the first / second time ...

that从句”中,that从句部分要用现在完成时。例如:

It is the first time that I have visited the city.

这是我第一次到这座城市。

This is the second time that they have finished the work ahead

of time. 这是他们第二次提前完成工作。

4) “This is the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + that从句”结构中,that从句要用现在完成时态。例如:

This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的**。

六、 瞬间动词的完成时的肯定式一般不与一段时间状语连用,但是它的否定式和被动式常与一段时间状语连用。例如:

We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time. 我们很久都没有收到简的来信了。

七、介词短语如in the past years,in the last few years,over the last

century,during the past ten years以及since two years

ago等,虽然含有明确的过去时间,但句子仍然要用现在完成时。例如:

With the rapid growth of population, the city in all

directions in the past five years. (2003北京、安徽)

A. spreads B. has spread

C. spread D. had spread

They have been in poverty since two years ago when the plague

hit the village. 从两年前这个村子遭受瘟疫以来他们就一直处于贫困之中。

巩固练习

1. The coffee is wonderful! It doesn’t taste

like anything I before. (NMET 2005)

A. was having B. have

C. have ever had D. had ever had

2. His father for five months.

A. had died B. has been dead

C. is dead D. has died

3. —Have you been to our town before?

—No, it’s the first time I _____ here.

A. even; come B. even; have come

C. ever; come D. ever; have come

4. Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent

science that people who don’t sleep

well soon get ill. (2005广东)

A. showed B. has shown

C. will show D. is showing

5. The first use of atomic weapons was in

1945, and their power increased

enormously ever since. (2004上海)

A. is B. was

C. has been D. had been

6. My brother is an actor. He in

several films so far. (2005浙江)

A. appears B. appeared

C. has appeared D. is appearing

7. —How are you today?

—Oh, I as ill as I do now for a very

long time.

A. didn’t fell B. wasn’t feeling

C. don’t fell D. haven’t felt

8. —The window is dirty.

—I know. It for weeks. (NMET 2004)

A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean

C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned

9. 在过去六百年中,人类社会发生了很大变

化。

10. 他离开这个村子已经五年了。

Keys: 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. During the

past 6 hundred years, great changes have taken place in human

society. 10. He left the village five years ago. / It is five years

since he left the village. / He has been away from the village for

five years.

--How long ______ he ______ a fever?

--- Ever since last night.

A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have

解析:此句表示从昨晚起持续到现在的状态,应用现在完成时,去掉答案D。因为是段时间, 所以不能用短暂行动词,get和catch 都是短暂行动词。 因此选B.

My bowl is empty. Who ______ all my soup?

A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank

解析:碗是空的了,这里强调的是所发生的动作造成的结果。 "谁把我的汤都喝了。应选C.

--How long ______ he ______ a fever?

--- Ever since last night.

A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have

解析:此句表示从昨晚起持续到现在的状态,应用现在完成时,去掉答案D。因为是段时间, 所以不能用短暂行动词,get和catch 都是短暂行动词。 因此选B.

My bowl is empty. Who ______ all my soup?

A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank

解析:碗是空的了,这里强调的是所发生的动作造成的结果。 "谁把我的汤都喝了。应选C.

3. I ______ you for a long time. Where ______ you ______?

A. Didn't seen; did, go B. didn't see; have, gone C. haven't seen; have, been D. haven't seen; have gone

解析:for+段时间一般预先在完成时连用。"你去哪儿了? "(在这段时间你不在)应选C。

The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead.

A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying

答案:A. find的宾语后面,用分词或分词短语,起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。

2) to + be 的不定式结构,作补语的动词。

acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel, find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand

We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. 我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

典型例题

Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented

答案:A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实,不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时,发明为点动词一般不用完成时,且此处也不强调对现在的影响,因此不选C。

3) to be +形容词

seen, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean

我自己整理的..希望采纳O(∩_∩)O~

The book is believed to be uninteresting. 人们认为这本书没什么意思。

高考英语语法填空的技巧和方法

成人高考专升本英语属于考试科目之一,对于很多考生来说都是令人头疼的,那么成人高考专升本英语难吗?有哪些考点?总结了相关内容,大家不妨参考学习。

成人高考专升本英语难吗?

成人高考专升本英语试卷主要分为选择题和非选择题两大部分,选择题包括语音、语法与词汇、完型填空、阅读理解、补全对话几大题型;非选择题主要就是短文写作。其次就是对于成考专升本英语的难度,其实成考专升本英语基本上考的都是高中的知识,大家只要好好复习,长期积累掌握学习方法,相信难度也不是很大。

成人高考专升本英语常见考点:

一、动词时态及语态题(大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态,特别是其中的过去完成,过去进行时,客观真理要用一般现在时等)

1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958.

2、By the time we got there, the play had already begun.

3、When I was a child, I knew that the earth turns about its axis.

4、When Mr.Delay got home after a day's exhausting work, his wife and children were sleeping.

二、非谓语动词题(特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别,大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别,要求大家多看我的上课笔记)

1、The film showed last night was very moving. (不用moved,大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别)

2、Having finishing his lecture, the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question.

3、The problem being discussed is very important.

4、Given more time, we are sure to finish it.

5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here

三、It作形式主语及形式宾语题(这也是一个常考点,it本身是没有意思的,注意it还可以指时间,天气等。)

1、It is difficult to study English well.

2、We think it is important to pass the exam.

四、强调句型(大家要记住的是it is (was)……。that…。,如果前面是it iswas 后面往往选用that,当然强调人的时候也可用who)

1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her.

2、It is what you will do that is important.

3、When was it that he bought a new car

五、倒装句型

全部倒装句(这种全部倒装题历年只考过一次,考得最多的都是下面的部分倒装)

1、Stop talking! There comes the teacher.

部分倒装句(如果选项里面有两个主谓倒装了,两个没有,我们一般要在倒装里做选择)

1、So badly was he hurt in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital.

2、Not only does he study well, but also he is always ready to help others.

3、Mary has done well in the English exam. So she has. She always does well in the exam.

自考/成考有疑问、不知道如何总结自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考报名当地政策,点击底部咨询官网,免费领取复习资料: style="font-size: 18px;font-weight: bold;border-left: 4px solid #a10d00;margin: 10px 0px 15px 0px;padding: 10px 0 10px 20px;background: #f1dada;">高考语法填空常考知识点

具体解析语法填空技巧

技巧一:名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。

技巧二:动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。

技巧三:代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关。即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one/none、other/another。指示代词(it 和this)it 用作引导词等。

技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式,或通过加后缀-er 和-est,或在词前加more/less 和most/least,且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。

技巧五:数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀-teen、-ty 的变化,甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two 的特殊变化形式once/twice。

技巧六:词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的,派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。

技巧七:固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语,但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词结合看才能命中答案。

技巧八:从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向,主要考查学生对各种从句掌握程度。

技巧九:短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语,此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。

技巧十:介词、短语介词结构。常用的介词有in,at,on,before,during 等,通常考查固定搭配。短语介词即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语,如:except for,due to 等。

技巧十一:连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and,or,but,so,for,while 等,常用的关联短语both……and,either……or,neither……nor,not only……but also 等。

技巧十二:冠词无提示词名词之前。冠词只能是在a,an,the之间判断。

技巧十三:上下文中出现的相关词。这是较难的,但也是通过上下文去做题时最有效的方法。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识,填入某个词。

高考语法填空常考知识点如下:

高考语法填空考察分为两类:第一类无词的、第二类有词的。冠词,主要考察the,a,an及零冠词。冠词在高考中可能占两分,即单选和改错。

动词,主要包括动词时态、语态、主谓一致、动词及动词词组辨析和非谓语动词。在单选中,动词的考察频率最大,一般在6分左右。

代词,一般在考察句子结构中考察。名词,名词的辨析是考察重点。短语的用法,包括动词短语、介词短语等等,一般的短语都有固定含义,需要准确记忆。句子结构,重点考察复合句(名词性从句、定语从句及状语从句)、强调句、倒装等等问题。交际用语。

无词的。主要考察虚词如限定词(包括冠词,形容词性物主代词),介词,连词(包括并列连词and but or 等还包括从属连词涉及从句),代词。

有词的。主要考察动词。时态--主要考察过去式,近两年进行时和完成时也有涉及、被动语态、主谓一致。

还会考察词性变换。形容词和副词之间的变换(形容词和副词的考察还会涉及到最高级比较级)、形容词和名词之间的、名词和动词之间的(这类在高考中比较少,因为动词有自己的考点,但在模拟练习中会出现)。

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