您现在的位置是: 首页 > 教育改革 教育改革

山东高考题答案,山东高考题答案官方网站

tamoadmin 2024-07-08 人已围观

简介1.求2010年山东高考理科数学20题答案详解!!2.山东数学高考难吗20233.14年山东历史高考答案4.2020年山东成人高考高起本英语模拟试题及答案(一)?5.2009年 山东高考试题语文答案6.2010年高考理综山东卷化学29题答案答案:a>1 详解:这道题实际上是考查学生对“数形结合”思想的理解与运用。 首先:函数 f(x)=a∧x-x-a (a>0 且 a≠1) 有两个零点, 说明:方

1.求2010年山东高考理科数学20题答案详解!!

2.山东数学高考难吗2023

3.14年山东历史高考答案

4.2020年山东成人高考高起本英语模拟试题及答案(一)?

5.2009年 山东高考试题语文答案

6.2010年高考理综山东卷化学29题答案

山东高考题答案,山东高考题答案官方网站

答案:a>1 详解:这道题实际上是考查学生对“数形结合”思想的理解与运用。 首先:函数 f(x)=a∧x-x-a (a>0 且 a≠1) 有两个零点, 说明:方程 a∧x-x-a=0 有两个根。 即:方程 a∧x=x+a 有两个根。 设:g(x)=a∧x,u(x)=x+a 。 当0<a<1 时, ∵g(x) 是在 R 上单调递减的指数函数, u(x) 是在 R 上单调递增的一次函数, 函数g(x) 与函数 u(x) 的图像只有一个焦点, ∴方程 a∧x-x-a=0 只有一个根, 即:函数 f(x)=a∧x-x-a 只有一个零点,不合题意,舍去; 当a>1 时, ∵g(x) 是在 R 上单调递增的指数函数, u(x) 是在 R 上单调递增的一次函数, 函数g(x) 与函数 u(x) 的图像有两个焦点, ∴方程 a∧x-x-a=0 有两个根, 即:函数 f(x)=a∧x-x-a 有两个零点,符合题意。 综上所述,当 a>1 时,函数 f(x)=a∧x-x-a (a>0 且 a≠1) 有两个零点。

求2010年山东高考理科数学20题答案详解!!

[i].下列叙述正确的是A 目前加碘食盐中主要添加的KIO3B 日常生活中无水乙醇常用于杀菌消毒C 绿色食品是不含任何化学物质的食品D 在空气质量日报中CO2含量高于空气污染指数[ii].物质的量浓度相同时,下列既能与NaOH溶液反应、又能跟盐酸反应的溶液,中pH最大的是A Na2CO3溶液 B NH4HCO3溶液 C NaHCO3溶液 D NaHSO4溶液[iii].下列说法正确的是A 乙烯的结构简式可以表示为CH2CH2B 苯、乙醇和乙酸都能发生取代反应C 油脂都不能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色D 液化石油气和天然气的主要成分都是甲烷[iv].下列叙述正确的是A O2和 O2互为同位素,性质相似B 常温下,pH=1的水溶液中Na+、NO3-、HCO3-、Fe3+可以大量共存C 明矾和漂白粉常用于自来水的净人和杀菌消毒,两者的作用原理相同D 石墨△H>0,所以石墨比金刚石稳定[v].下列关于元素的叙述正确的是A 金属元素与非金属元素能形成共键化合物B 只有在原子中,质子数才与核外电子数相等C 目前使用的元素周期表中,最长的周期含有36种元素D 非金属元素形成的共价化合物中,原子的最外层电子数只能是2或8[vi].氯气溶于水达到平衡后,若其他条件不变,只改变某一条件,下列叙述正确的是A 再通入少量氯气,c(H+)/c(ClO-)减小B 通入少量SO2,溶液漂白性增强C 加入少量固体NaOH,一定有c(Na+)=c(Cl-)+c(ClO-)D 加入少量水,水的电或平衡向正反应方向移动[vii].一定体积的KMnO4溶液恰好能氧化一定质量的KHC2O4·H2C2O4·2H2O。若用0.1000mol·L-1的NaOH溶液中和相同质量的KHC2O4·H2C2O4·2H2O,所需NaOH溶液的体积恰好为KMnO4溶液的3倍,则KMnO4溶液的浓度(mol·L-1)为提示:①H2C2O4是二元弱酸;②10[KHC2O4·H2C2O4]+8KMnO4+17H2SO4=8MnSO4+9K2SO4+40CO2↑+32H2OA 0.008889 B 0.08000 C 0.200 D 0.240 28(11分)二氧化硫和氮的氧化物是常用的化工原料,但也是大气的主要污染物。综合治理其污染是环境化学当前的重要研究内容之一。(1)硫酸生产中,SO2催化氧化生成SO3:2SO2(g)+O2(g) 2SO3(g)某温度下,SO2的平衡转化率(α)与体系总压强(p)的关系如右图所示。根据图示回答下列问题:①将2.0mol SO2和1.0mol O2置于10L密闭容器中,反应达平衡后,体系总压强为0.10MPa。该反应的平衡常数等于_____。②平衡状态由A变到B时.平衡常数K(A)_______K(B)(填“>”、“<”或“=”)。(2)用CH4催化还原NOx可以消除氮氧化物的污染。例如:CH4(g)+4NO2(g)=4NO(g)+C02(g)+2H20(g) △H=-574 kJ·mol-1CH4(g)+4NO(g)=2N2(g)+CO2(g)+2H20(g) △H=-1160 kJ·mol-1若用标准状况下4.48L CH4还原NO2至N2整个过程中转移的电子总数为______(阿伏加德罗常数的值用NA表示),放出的热量为______kJ。(3)新型纳米材料氧缺位铁酸盐(MFe2Ox 3<x<4,M=Mn、Co、Zn或Ni)由铁酸盐(MFe2O4)经高温还原而得,常温下,它能使工业废气中的酸性氧化物分解除去。转化流程如图所示:请写出MFe2Ox分解SO2的化学方程式

(不必配平)。[viii].(15分)铁及铁的化合物应用广泛,如FeCl3可用作催化剂、印刷电路铜板腐蚀剂和外伤止血剂等。(1)写出FeCl3溶液腐蚀印刷电路铜板的离子方程式 。(2)若将(1)中的反应设计成原电池,请画出原电池的装置图,标出正、负极,并写出电极反应式。正极反应 负极反应 。(3)腐蚀铜板后的混合溶液中,若Cu2+、Fe3+和Fe2+的浓度均为0.10mol/L,请参照下表给出的数据和药品,简述除去CuCl2溶液中Fe3+和Fe2+的实验步骤 。 氢氧化物开始沉淀时的pH氢氧化物沉淀完全时的pHFe3+Fe2+Cu2+1.97.04.73.29.06.7提供的药品:Cl2 浓H2SO4 NaOH溶液 CuO Cu (4)某科研人员发现劣质不锈钢在酸中腐蚀缓慢,但在某些盐溶液中腐蚀现象明显。请从上表提供的药品中选择两种(水可任选),设计最佳实验,验证劣质不锈钢腐蚀。有关反应的化学方程式 劣质不锈钢腐蚀的实验现象 [ix].(16分)下图所示为常见气体制备、分离、干燥和性质验证的部分仪器装置(加热设备及夹持固定装置均略去),请根据要求完成下列各题(仪器装置可任意选用,必要时可重复选择,a、b为活塞)。(1)若气体入口通入CO和CO2的混合气体,E内放置CuO,选择装置获得纯净干燥的CO,并验证其还原性及氧化产物,所选装置的连接顺序为 (填代号)。能验证CO氧化产物的现象是 。(2)停止CO和CO2混合气体的通入,E内放置Na2O2按A→E→D→B→H装置顺序制取纯净干燥的O2,并用O2氧化乙醇。此时,活塞a应 ,活塞b应 。需要加热的仪器装置有 (填代号),m中反应的化学方程式为 。(3)若气体入口改通空气,分液漏斗内改加浓氨水,圆底烧瓶内改加 NaOH 固体,E 内放置铂铑合金网,按A→G→E→D装置程序制取干燥氨气,并验证氨的某些性质。①装置A中能产生氨气的原因有: 。②实验中观察到E内有红棕色气体出现,证明氨气具有 性。 选做部分共5题,考生必须从中选择2个选做题、1个化学题和1个生物题在答题纸规定的区域作答。CaCl2石灰水Cl2H2SO4苦卤(Ca2+、Mg2+、Br-等)Ca2+、Mg2+等Br2CaSO4Mg2+等Mg(OH)2[x].(8分)化学-化学与技术工业上地海水资源合开发利用的部分工艺流程如下图所示。(1)电解饱和食盐水常用离子膜电解槽和隔膜电解槽,离子膜和隔膜均允许通过的分子或离子是 。电解槽中的阳极材料为 。(2)本工艺流程中先后制得Br2、CaSO4和Mg(OH)2,能否按Br2、Mg(OH)2、CaSO4顺序制备?原因是 。(3)溴单质在四氧化碳中的溶解度比在水中大得多,四氧化碳与水不互溶,固可用于萃取溴,但在上述工艺中却不用四氧化碳,原因是 。 [xi].(8分)化学-物质结构与性质请完成下列各题:(1)前四周期元素中,基态原子中未成对电子与其所在周期数相同的元素有 种。(2)第ⅢA、ⅤA元素组成的化合物GaN、GaP、GaAs等是人工合成的半导体材料,其晶体结构与单晶硅相似,Ga原子的电子排布式为 。在GaN晶体中,每个Ga原子与 个N原子相连,与同一个Ga原子相连的N原子构成的空间构型为 。在四大晶体类型中,GaN属于 晶体。(3)在极性分子NCl3中,N原子的化合物为―3,Cl原子的化合价为+1,请推测NCl3水解的主要产物是 (填化学式)。[xii].(8分)[化学—有机化学基础]乙基香草醛()是食品添加剂的增香原料,其香味比香草醛更加浓郁。(1)写出乙基香草醛分子中两种含氧官能团的名称 。(2)乙基香草醛的同分异构体A是一种有机酸,A可发生以下变化: KMnO4/H+A(C9H10O3)HBrC(C9H9O2Br) CrO3/H2SO4 B(C9H8O3)

能发生银镜反应 提示:①RCH2OHRCHO②与苯环直接相连的碳原子上有氢时,此碳原子才可被酸性KMnO4溶液氧化为羧基(a)由A→C的反应属于 (填反应类型)(b)写出A的结构简式 。(3)乙基香草醛的另一种同分异构体D(CH3O--COOCH3)是一种医药中间体,请设计合理方案用茴香醛(CH3O--CHO)合成D(其他原料自选,用反应流程图表示,并注明必要的反应条件)。例如:-Br

[i] A[ii] C[iii] B[iv] D[v] A[vi] D[vii] B[viii] (1)2Fe3++Cu=2Fe2++Cu2+

(2)

正极反应:Fe3++e-=Fe2+(或2Fe3++2e-=2Fe2+)

负极反应:Cu=2Cu2++2e-(或Cu-2e-=Cu2+)

(3)①通入足量氯气将Fe2+氧化成Fe3+;②加入CuO调节溶液的pH至3.2-4.7;③过滤(除去Fe(OH)3)

(4)CuO+H2SO4=CuSO4+H2O CuSO4+Fe=FeSO4+Cu

不锈钢表面有紫红色物质生成[ix] (1)ACBECF

AB之间的C装置中溶液保持澄清.EF之同的C装置中溶液变浑浊

(2)关闭 打开 k m 2CH3CH2OH+O22CH3CHO+2H2O

(3)氢氧化钠溶于水放出大量热,温度升高,使氨的溶解度减小而放出;氧氧化钠吸水,促使氨放出;氢氧化钠电离出的OH-增大了氨水中OH-浓度,促使氨水电离平衡左移,导致氨气放出。

还原[x] (1)阳离子(或Na+) 钛(或石墨)

(2)否。如果先沉淀Mg(OH)2,则沉淀中会夹杂有CaSO4沉淀,产品不纯。

(3)四氯化碳萃取法工艺复杂、设备投资大;经济效益低、环境污染严重。[xi] (1)5

(2)1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p1(或[Ar]3d104s24p1) 4 正四面体 原子

(3)HClO NH3·H2O[xii] (1)醛基 (酚)羟基 醚键

(2)(a)取代反应 (b)

(3)CH3O--CHOCH3O--COOH

CH3O--COOCH3

山东数学高考难吗2023

解:设A,B,C,D分别是第一、二、三、四个问题,用Mi(i=1,2,3,4)表示甲同学第i个问题回答正确,

用Ni(i=1,2,3,4)表示第i个问题回答错误,则Mi与Ni(i=1,2,3,4)是对立事件.由题意得,

P(M1)=3/4 P(M2)=1/2 P(M3)=1/3 P(M4)=1/4;

则P(N1)=1/4 P(N2)=1/2 P(N3)=2/3 P(N4)=3/4;

(Ⅰ)记“甲同学能进入下一轮”为事件Q,

则Q=M1M2M3+N1M2M3M4+M1N2M3M4+M1M2N3M4+N1M2N3M4

由于每题答题结果相互独立,

∴P(Q)=P(M1M2M3+N1M2M3M4+M1N2M3M4+M1M2N3M4+N1M2N3M4)

=P(M1M2M3)+P(N1M2M3M4)+P(M1N2M3M4)+P(M1M2N3M4)+P(N1M2N3M4)=1/4

(Ⅱ)由题意可知随机变量ξ可能的取值为2,3,4,

由于每题的答题结果都是相对独立的,

∵P(ξ=2)=P(N1N2)=1/8

P(ξ=3)=P(M1M2M3)+P(N1N2N3)=3/8

P(ξ=4)=1﹣P(ξ=2)﹣P(ξ=3)=1/2

∴Eξ=2*1/8+3*3/8+4*1/2=27/8

14年山东历史高考答案

2023山东高考数学试题总体来说有难度。

1.山东高考数学试题答案解析:

新课标工卷第7题,以等差数列为材料考查充要条件的推证,要求考生判别充分性和必要性,然后分别进行证明,解决问题的关键是利用等差数列的概念和特点进行推理论证。

新课标I卷第9题,考查统计抽样中样本的基本数字特征,考查考生对样本的平均数、标准差、中位数、极差概念的理解和掌握,不仅注重试题的基础性,而且使基础知识的考查和能力的考查有机结合。

新课标I卷第10题,利用对数函数研究噪声声压水平,通过对声压级的研究,全面考查对数及其运算的基础知识。

新课标工卷第17题,以正弦定理、同角三角函数基本关系式、解三角形等数学内容,考查数学运算素养。

2.2023年山东高考数学试题难不难

2023年山东省高考数学试题总体来说有难度。数学试题难不难想必一定是考生讨论的热门话题,有的人觉得难,有的人觉得不难。

2023山东高考数学试题第4题考查台体的体积计算,但并没有直接考查,而是将此知识融入到实际生活背景中,考查学生的数学建模能力,将实际问题抽象为数学问题来解决。

2023山东高考数学试题20题概率统计也以真实的某种疾病与卫生习惯的关系的情境来考查,这些都体现出高考命题注重应用性。

3.2023山东高考数学试卷难度如何

2023山东高考数学比较难,山东高考使用全国1卷,今年的全国1卷数学题型较难,很多考生都抱怨说今年的数学试题没做过,看不懂题目,让人抓不着头绪。

山东高考数学试卷为了实现对学生素养的考查,高考命题加强对数学思想方法的考查,今年的新高考1卷体现得较为充分。

2023山东高考数学试卷难度单单从试卷的试题本身来说,这个和每个人的知识点掌握程度和擅长的题目类型有关系,还和个人的临场发挥有关联,高考考生现场状态非常重要。

2020年山东成人高考高起本英语模拟试题及答案(一)?

这是2014山东高考题答案 是历史试题参考答案及评分标准

题号

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

答案

A

B

C

B

D

D

C

C

A

C

A

38.(24分)

(1)材料甲反映出历代统治者特别是明清统治者都重视对节妇烈女的宣传褒扬,从一个侧面反映了古代中国妇女受礼教压迫的状况;研究材料甲能够了解古代妇女的社会地位及其成因,为探讨20世纪初中国妇女地位的变化提供比较研究的视角。

(2)考生作答时应结合具体事实进行概括归纳,准确说明事实与结论①的关系,举一例说明即可。

如:觉慧反对鸣凤叫自己少爷,希望取鸣凤为妻等,反映出当时出现了自由平等的新思想,是社会进步的表现;李欣淑的父母包办其婚姻等,说明当时封建礼教根深蒂固,反映出人们的守旧和社会的保守。

(3)材料丙。

材料丙是当时的新闻报道,相对较为真实,史料价值较高;材料乙是文学作品,在一定程度上反映了社会现实,但有艺术加工成分,学科网使用时应对其他史料印证。

(4)李欣淑接受新式教育、反对包办婚姻及与封建家庭的斗争等行为是20世纪初中国女性 解放的缩影。

20世纪初的中国社会正发生着深刻变化。经济上,中国民族资本主义经济发展,为反封建斗争和社会进步奠定了物质基础,让更多妇女可以走出家庭并实现经济独立。政治上,辛亥革命推翻了君主专制制度,民主共和观念深入人心。南京临时政府颁布的一系列改革措施,在一定程度上传播了新观念、新思想,促进了女性解放。文化上,新式教育的发展,和五四运动对民主、科学的弘扬,为女性解放提供了思想动力。

上述史实表面,反对专制制度,追求民主、学科网自由和进步成为时代主题,这一切为女性解放创造了良好的社会前提条件。

39.(22分)

(1)国际条件:西班牙、葡萄牙等老牌殖民国家衰落,英国在海外殖民争夺中逐渐取得优势地位;

国内条件:英国资本主义制度确立和经济迅速发展。

(2)影响:为欧洲资本主义发展提供了资本原始积累,加剧了世界经济发展的不平衡性; 客观上推动了世界各地区间的经济联系和交流,资本主义世界市场进一步扩大。

(3)原因:随着工业革命的进行,英国需要更广阔的的商品销售市场和原料产地,商品输出成为英国对外侵略的主要目的和手段。

(4)帕特里克·奥布莱恩站在欧洲的立场上,过分强调欧洲在世界历史发展中的中心地位,无视亚非拉等地区对世界发展做出的贡献,其观点具有片面性。

近代欧洲制度的创新、经济发展和思想进步对世界历史发展具有重要影响,但奴隶贸易等史实表明,欧洲的“中心”地位及其对世界的贡献,学科网在很大程度上是建立在对世界其他国家和地区的剥削和血腥掠夺基础之上的。

自新航路开辟以来,世界逐渐成为一个不可分割的整体。各地区、各民族在政治、经济、文化等领域的联系和交流不断加强,共同促进了人类文明的发展与进步。

46.(10分)

(1)向西方学习,实现富国强兵。

(2)资产阶级维新派要求进行制度变革,发展资本主义;光绪帝主张学习西方的器物,以维护清王朝的专制统治。

47.(10分)

(1)《人权宣言》(1791年宪法》或《1793年宪法》。

(2)卢梭。1794年正值法国大革命中最激进的雅各宾派学科网专政时期,雅各宾派实行的是革命恐怖主义。卢梭提出的“社会契约论”和“人民主权论”,适应了雅各宾派专政的现实需要。

48.(10分)

(1)图14:二战后,为根除德国法西斯主义,分割战后利益,根据推尔塔会议的决定法、美、苏对林国及其首都拍林实行分区占领。

图15:资本主义和社会主义两种意识形态的对抗日益尖锐,美、英法合并占领区,与苏占区对峙。

(2)导致德国分裂;冷战加剧。

2009年 山东高考试题语文答案

成考快速报名和免费咨询: 以为为猎考网学习中心为广大考生整理2023年山东成人高考高起点《英语》模拟试题及答案(一)相关信息,考生仅供参考。

一、语音知识(共5小题;每题1.5分,共7.5分。)

在下列每组单词中,有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词,并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括弧里。

( )1.A. machine B. dictionary C. Russian D. question

( )2.A. popular B. large C. remarkable D. dark

( )3.A. church B. chalk C. character D. cheat

( )4.A. cheat B. weak C. increase D. area

( )5.A. copy B. loudly C. today D. Monday

二、词汇与语法知识(共25小题;每题1.5分,共37.5分。)

从每小题的四个选择项中,选出最佳的一项,并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括弧里。

( )6.—The sea is very rough today.

—Yes, I‘ve never seen _______ before.

A. such rough sea B. such a rough sea

C. so rough sea D. that rough sea

( )7.—She‘s broken her arm again.

—Again? I ______ she _______ ever broken it before.

A. don‘t know; has B. didn’t know; had

C. didn‘t know; has D. hadn’t know; would

( )8.—Has the wallet been returned yet?

—No, but we expect ______ any day now.

A. to return it B. it to return C. it to be returned D. it returned

( )9.—I‘ve been told to pay the rent.

—But it‘s already been paid. It ______ by someone else.

A. must be B. may be

C. must be paid D. must have been paid

( )10. Montreal is larger than _______ in Canada.

A. any city B. any cities C. any other cities D. any other city

( )11. Human‘s brains are larger in proportion to their bodies than _______.

A. whales B. a whale C. that of whales D. those of whales

( )12. Before writing your article, ______, collect your material, and prepare an outline.

A. a topic should be selected B. a topic to be selected

C. your topic should be selected D. select a topic

( )13.—I usually travel by train.

—Why not ________ by plane for a change?

A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going

( )14. The boy lay in the street, his eyes _______ and his hands ______.

A. closing; trembling B. closed; trembled

C. closing; trembled D. closed; trembling

( )15. He _______ here for 20 years by the end of next month.

A. had worked B. has worked C. will have worked D. will work

( )16. I‘ll do _______ the doctor advised.

A. as B. like C. that D. all what

( )17.—Did we have to wait for Tom?

—Well, _______ very angry if we hadn‘t waited for him.

A. he‘d have been B. he were C. he had been D. he must be

( )18. Why do you insist on ________?

A. this to be done B. this done

C. this being done D. this is done

( )19. We looked everywhere for the ________.

A. missing watch B. missed watch

C. watch being missed D. watch that lost

( )20. ______, the runners crossed the finish line.

A. Tiring B. Tired C. To be tired D. They are tired

( )21. _______ by the air, the kite went up into the sky.

A. Pushing B. Pushed C. Having been pushed D. Having pushed

( )22.—The round bowl over there is a bit small, isn‘t it?

— _______.

A. So are the fish B. So the fish are

C. Neither the fish D. Neither are the fish

( )23. She couldn‘t take shorthand, _______ slowed down the work of the office.

A. that B. which C. it D. so

( )24. Was it last Friday ________ you met him?

A. that B. on which C. which D. when

( )25. _______ might fail in the exam worried him.

A. He B. That he C. What D. It

( )26.—I‘v got this really painful ear.

—How long _______ you?

A. does it bother B. was it bothering

C. would it bother D. has it been bothering

( )27.—I started to study, but then a friend called.

—That‘s no excuse ________.

A. for not studying B. not for studying C. not studying D. not to studying

( )28.—Why was he so hot when he got home?

—He ________.

A. was running B. is running C. has been running D. had been running

( )29.—There‘s been an earthquake.

—I know. At least a hundred people ________.

A. were to be killed B. are said to have been killed

C. said to have been killed D. are said to kill

( )30. You may invite _______ wants to go.

A. whomever B. whoever C. which one D. people

三、完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分,共30分。)

通读下面的短文,掌握其大意。从每小题的四个选项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选择,并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括号里。

Mr. Jones woke early one morning, before the sun had risen. It was a beautiful morning, _31_ he went to the window and looked out. He was _32_ to see a neatly-dressed and mid-aged professor, who _33_ in the university just up the road from Mr. Jones‘ house, coming the direction of the town. He had grey hair thick glasses, and was _34 an umbrella, a morning newspaper and a bag. Mr. Jones thought that he must have _35_ by the night train _36_ taking a taxi.

Mr. Jones had a big tree in his garden, and the children had tied a long _37_ to one of the branches, so that they could swing on it.

Mr. Jones saw the professor _38_ when he saw the rope and looked carefully up and down the road. When he saw that there was _39_ in sight, he stepped into the garden (there was no fence), put his umbrella, newspaper, bag and hat nearly on the grass and _40_ the rope. He pulled it _41_ to see whether it was strong enough to take his weight, then ran as fast as he could and swung into the _42_ on the end of the rope, his grey hair blowing all around _43_. _44_ he swung, sometimes taking a few more _45_ steps on the grass when the rope began to swing _46_ slowly for him.

_47_ the professor stopped, straightened his tie, combed his hair carefully, put on his hat, _48_ his umbrella, newspaper and bag, and continued _49_ his way to the university, looking as _50_ and correct and respectable as one would expect a professor to be.

( )31.A. because B. as C. so D. for

( )32.A. surprised B. glad C. worried D. excited

( )33.A. studied B. worked C. stayed D. lived

( )34.A. passing B. doing C. carrying D. sending

( )35.A. left B. gone C. taken D. arrived

( )36.A. because of B. instead of C. by D. with

( )37.A. rope B. line C. stick D. ruler

( )38.A. run B. walk C. jump D. stop

( )39.A. nothing B. nobody C. no room D. no house

( )40.A. carried B. grasped C. took D. threw

( )41.A. hard B. high C. heavily D. greatly

( )42.A. garden B. tree C. land D. air

( )43.A. hands B. his shoulders C. his face D. his neck

( )44.A. Backwards and forwards B. Up and down

C. Left and right D. Around and around

( )45.A. running B. stopping C. rising D. falling

( )46.A. enough B. more C. too D. less

( )47.A. At first B. At last C. At once D. At least

( )48.A. set up B. gave up C. send up D. picked up

( )49.A. on B. for C. by D. with

( )50.A. clean B. slow C. funny D. quiet

四、阅读理解(共15小题;每题2分,共30分。)

阅读下列短文,然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选择,并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括号里。

A

Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States, yet she had only just begun painting in her late seventies. As she once said of herself: “I would never sit back in a rocking-chair, waiting for someone to help me.”

She was born on a farm in New York State. At twelve she left home and was in a service until at twenty-seven, she married Thomas Moses, the tenant of hers. They farmed most of their lives. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1928.

Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at an exhibition, and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures were shown in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930‘s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: careful and lively pictures of the country life she had known, with a wonderful sense of color and form.

( )51. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Grandma Moses

B. The Children of Grandma Moses

C. Grandma Moses: Her Best Pictures

D. Grandma Moses and Her First Exhibition

( )52. From Grandma Moses‘ s words of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was _______.

A. independent B. pretty C. rich D. alone

( )53. Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to _______.

A. make her home beautiful B. keep active

C. improve her salary D. gain an international fame

( )54. Grandma Moses spent most of their life ________.

A. nursing B. painting C. farming D. embroidering

B

In the fall of 1924 Thomas Wolfe, fresh from his courses in play writing at Harvard joined the eight or ten of us who were teaching English composition in New York University. I had never before seen a man so tall as he, and so ugly. I pitied him and went out of my way to help him with his work and make him feel at home.

His students soon let me know that he had no need of my protectiveness. They spoke of his ability to explain a poem in such a manner as to have them shouting with laughter or struggling to keep back their tears, of his readiness to quote in detail from any poet they could name.

Indeed, his students made so much of his power of observation that I decided to make a little test and see for myself. My chance came one morning when the students were slowly gathering for nine o‘clock classes.

Upon arriving at the university that day, I found Wolfe alone in the large room which served all the English composition teachers as an office. He did not say anything when I asked him to come with me out into the hall, and he only smiled when we reached a classroom door and I told him to enter alone and look around.

He stepped in, remained no more than thirty seconds and then came out. “Tell me what you see.” I said as I took his place in the room, leaving him in the hall with his back to the door. Without the least hesitation and without a single error, he gave the number of seats in the room, pointed out those which were taken by boys and those occupied by girls, named the colors each student was wearing, pointed out the Latin verb written on the blackboard, spoke of the chalk marks which the cleaner had failed to wash from the floor, and pictured in detail the view of Washington Square from the window.

As I rejoined Wolfe, I was speechless with surprise. He, on the contrary, was wholly calm as he said, “The worst thing about it is that I‘ll remember it all.”

( )55. What is the passage mainly discussing?

A. Thomas Wolfe‘s teaching work.

B. Thomas Wolfe‘s course in playwriting.

C. Thomas Wolfe‘s ability of explaining.

D. Thomas Wolfe‘s genius.

( )56. Which of the following is NOT said in the passage?

A. Wolfe‘s students praised Wolfe’s power of observation.

B. The author made an experiment on Wolfe‘s ability.

C. Wolfe‘s students asked the author to have a test of their ability.

D. Wolfe did not feel angry when he was tested.

( )57. What do we learn about Wolfe from the passage?

A. He tried hard to remember what was in the classroom.

B. He stayed in the classroom for a short time.

C. He stayed drew a picture of Washington Square.

D. He followed the author into the classroom.

( )58. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The author was happy to see the test result.

B. What the students said was hardly true.

C. Wolfe would remember forever what the author had done.

D. Wolfe felt joyful after he had been tested.

C

The trick in food photography is to show the food looking fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins, just as movie stars do. “When I get my lights and cameras set up, I remove the stand-in and put in the real thing,” explains Ray Webber, who photographs food for magazine advertisements. “Sometimes I have to brush the meat with its juices because it may have dried out a bit. A and when I‘m shooting (拍照) something like tomatoes, I always carry water to spray them with dew just before I shoot.”

Shooting food outdoors has special problems. “I‘m always worrying about flies or worms crawling up a glass,” Webber explains, “my worry is that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food.” Once Webber was shooting a piece of cheese outdoors and needed something to make its color beautiful. Finally he found it: a weed with lovely blue flowers. When the shot appeared, several people were horrified-the weed was deadly nightshade!

( )59. Just before being photographed, some meats and vegetables are _______.

A. fanned B. dyed C. frozen D. made wet

( )60. The second paragraph deals mostly with the ________.

A. differences between indoor and outdoor photography

B. problems of outdoor food photography

C. ways of keeping food fresh outdoors

D. combinations of colors outdoors

( )61. Webber is afraid dogs might _______.

A. bark while he is shooting B. get into his picture

C. steal the food D. upset his camera

( )62. From the article we can conclude that deadly night-shade is probably a kind of plant that is _______.

A. colorful B. poisonous C. ugly D. Both A and B.

D

With the large number of dogs roaring through our communities, people need to know the facts about rabies (狂犬病), a fatal disease caused by animal bites. Despite vaccination (接种疫苗) programs, rabies is still very prevalent, and will continue to be a serious public health problem for many years to come.

Rabies strikes the central nervous system and brings on choking, convulsions (抽搐) and inability to swallow liquids. It can even cause death. If you or anyone in your family is bitten by dog, cat or other animal, you should not panic, but thoroughly wash the wound with plenty of soap and water and rush to nearby hospital for immediate treatment. If you own the animal which did the biting, you should immediately call a veterinarian for advice and make sure the public health authorities know when and where the biting took place and who was bitten.

( )63. Rabies is a kind of disease which ________.

A. causes heart attack

B. hurt one‘s legs

C. causes nerve-centre problem and breathing problem

D. strikes one‘s brain

( )64. If a person is bitten by some kind of animal, you ________.

A. should be panic

B. should take him (her) to a big hospital right away

C. should help to clean the wound and ask the patient to have a good rest at home

D. should help to clean the wound and then take him (her) to a nearby hospital quickly as possible.

( )65. Which is the best title of the passage?

A. What a Rabies? B. The Horrible Rabies

C. What Are Animal Bites? D. How to Control Rabies

五、补全对话(共5句;每句满分为3分,共15分。)

根据中文提示,将对话中缺少的内容下在线上。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方,用陈述句;打问号的地方,用疑问句。

提示:星期五晚上有音乐会,Chris得到;两张票,打电话给Linda,问她是否有空一同前往,并约她音乐会后一起吃饭。Linda听了非常高兴,俩人相约六点四十五分在入口处见面。

Linda:Hello! This is Linda speaking.

Chris:Hello, Linda, this is Chris. _______66________ this Friday evening?

Linda:Yes, why?

Chris:There‘s a good concert, and I’ve got two tickets. I wonder ________67_______.

Linda:That‘s great! _________68_________?

Chris:7 o‘clock. But how about _________69__________ at 6:45?

Linda:OK. I think I can make it.

Chris:After the concert, ________70_________, shall we?

Linda:Wonderful! Why don‘t we go to a Chinese restaurant?

Chris:Why not? OK, see you Friday.

Linda:See you then. Bye!

六、书面表达(共30分)

提示:假设你的朋友叫杨立,是优秀学生。校报请你写一篇介绍他的短文。他的基本情况是:现在读高二,是班长,是全班学习最好的;最喜欢学习英语和数学;爱好体育,课余常踢足球,还是学校游泳队队员;经常帮助别人。

注意:(1)基本情况不可遗漏;

(2)要有标题;

(3)词数为100左右。

参考答案

一、语音知识

1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C

二、词汇与语法知识

6.B 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.D 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.B 21.B 22.A 23.B 24.A 25.B 26.D 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.B

三、完形填空

31.C 32.A 33.D 34.C 35.D 36.B 37.A 38.D 39.B 40.B 41.A 42.D 43.C 44.A 45.A 46.C 47.B 48.D 49.A 50.D

四、阅读理解

51.A 52.A 53.B 54.C 55.D 56.C 57.B 58.C 59.D 60.B 61.C 62.D 63.C 64.D 65.B

五、补全对话

66.Are you free

Do you have time

67.if you can go (to the concert) with me

68.What time (/When) does it start (/begin)

69.meeting at the entrance

70.we‘ll go to a restaurant for supper

we‘ll eat at a restaurant

we‘ll have supper in a restaurant

六、书面表达

Our Good Example

Yang Li is the monitor of Class One, Senior Two. He studies very hard and is the best student in our class. He is good at Chinese, physics and chemistry, but enjoys English and mathematics best. He can speak English fluently. After school he often helps his classmates with their lessons. Whenever someone is absent from school because of illness, he will go to his house to help him with the missed lessons.

He is not only a good student, but also an active sportsman. He likes several kinds of sports. He often plays football after class. He is on the school swimming team, too.

成考有疑问、不知道如何总结成考考点内容、不清楚成考报名当地政策,点击底部咨询官网,免费领取复习资料: style="font-size: 18px;font-weight: bold;border-left: 4px solid #a10d00;margin: 10px 0px 15px 0px;padding: 10px 0 10px 20px;background: #f1dada;">2010年高考理综山东卷化学29题答案

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)

语文试题参考答案

一、

1.B

解析A.怯生生(qìè);C.飞扬跋扈;D.作梗。

2.D

解析A.郝明义认为“没有越界不成阅读,”逗号应放到后引号外;B项不用问号;C 第二个顿号改成逗号。

3.C

解析A感受:接触外界事物得到的影响;体会。感触:跟外界事物接触而引起思想情绪;感触侧重思想情绪。依附:附着,依赖依靠。依托:依靠。依托侧重有所凭借,借托。未免:同一些词语搭配,表示前面所说的情况不合适,或对前面所说的情况不以为然,含有委婉批评的意味;不免:副词。表示由于前面所说的原因而不能避免某种消极的结果,“科尔曼年轻气盛” 正是“老练不够”的原因。此处是对科尔曼作客观评价,没有批评的语气。

4.B

解析A左右为难:左也难,右也难,两边为难。形容处于某种困境中,不易做出决定。“如何判断和预测疫情的规模和发展趋势”不符合处于某种困境中,不易做出决定。B项动人心弦:激动人心,非常动人。C前赴后继:赴,向前冲前面的冲上去了,后面的紧跟上来。形容为了革命或某种事业连续不断投入战斗,奋勇冲杀向前。褒义词。D项“一挥而就” 应为“一蹴而就”。一挥而就:智绘画、书法和写文章,一动笔很快就完成了。形容才思敏捷,才智聪颖。就:成。应为一蹴而就:蹴:踏;就:成功。踏一步就成功。比喻事情轻而易举,一下子就成功。

5. A

解析B项成分残缺,“由于”和“使”保留其一;C项句式杂糅,还在于部分开发商追求暴利,哄抬房价,泡沫加速破裂等因素;D“大约”与“多”重复。

二、

6.C

解析原文最后一段中说“渔人在“白堤”东端设簖来捕鱼蟹,而且依簖设桥,以方便捕捉鱼蟹和到孤山的交通”,主要功能应该有两种。

7.D

解析“杭州都城文化的发展和西湖旅游形象的提升”与用“簖”捕捉鱼蟹的方法逐渐被淘汰没有关系。注意原文第四段中“但因放置鱼簖或蟹簖过多对河流及湖面的水流影响较大,古代官府就已有所限制。近代以来,这种捕鱼蟹的方法,随着人工养殖业的兴起而逐渐被淘汰。”和第五段“五代以后,特别是自吴越王钱穆筑垾海塘以来,钱塘江的鱼蟹经西湖而洄游的现象消失,渔人也就逐渐不再用簖捕捉鱼蟹了”几个句子。

8.D

解析注意原文第四段在引用海盐才女李壬的诗后,后面的解释说明,“这里的“簖桥”就是指与放置鱼簖、蟹簖有关的桥,这种说法在部分地区至今还有”,说明引用海盐才女李壬的诗是为了说明部分地区至今还有“簖桥”就是指与放置鱼簖、蟹簖有关的桥的说法。

三、

9.D

解析过:错误。

10.D

解析A 第一个表提顿语气,不译;第二个“……的人”。B 第一个“而”表修饰;第二个“而”表转折,却。C第一个“以”,表目的,来;第二个“以”,因为。

11.B

12.D

解析“卫嗣公知道后要罢免这个官吏”有误。

四、

13.(1)有了像那样讲信用的国君(或“有国君那样的讲信用”),能不归顺他吗?

(2)吴起出门,遇见一位老朋友,便留他吃饭。那朋友说:“好的。”

(3)母亲欺骗了孩子,孩子就不相信自己的母亲了,这不是用来教育孩子的办法啊!

解析

第(1)句注意“信”、“归”等词和句式“可……乎”的落实,第(2)句注意“止”、“食” 等词的落实。第(3)句注意“欺”、“成教”等词和判断句的落实。

参考译文

晋文公攻打原国,携带了十天的干粮,于是与大夫约定以十天为期。到原国十天了,却攻不下原国,敲钟退军,撤兵而去。有一个从原国出来的人说:“原国再有三天就攻下了。”大臣和左右待从劝谏说:“原国的粮食已吃光、力量用完了,您姑且等待一下吧!”晋文公说:“我与军士们约定以十天为期,如果不离开,这就失去了我的信用。夺得原国而失去信用,我不干。”于是撤兵。原国人听到说:“有了像那样讲信义的国君(或有国君像那样的讲信用),能不归顺他吗?”于是向晋文公投降。卫国人听到后说:“有像那样守信用的国君,能够不跟随他吗?”于是也向晋文公投降。孔子听到后记载这件事说:“攻占原国而又得到卫国,是因为守信用。”晋文公问箕郑说:“救济饥荒该怎么办?”箕郑回答说:“守信用。”晋文公说:“怎么样守信用?”箕郑说:“在名份、做事情、行为上守信用。在名份上守信用,那么群臣就会各守其职,对善行恶行都不会去逾越,对各种事情就不会怠慢;在做事情上守信用,那么就不会失去天时,百姓就不会逾越四季;在行为上守信用,那么亲近的人就会劝勉自己努力而远处的人就会来归附。”

吴起出门,遇见一位老朋友,便留他吃饭。那朋友说:“好的。”就让他回去等他。吴起说:“那我等你来了再吃。”这人到天黑了都没有来,吴起还是不吃饭等他。第二天早上,吴起派人去找这个人。这个老朋友来了,吴起才和他一起吃饭。

魏文侯和虞人约定了打猎的时间。第二天,正巧碰上刮大风,左右侍从就阻止魏文侯去打猎,魏文侯不听,说:“不可以因为风的缘故而失去信用,那样我是不干的。”随后亲自赶着车去了,冒着大风去让虞人停止打猎。魏文侯和虞人约定了打猎的时间。第二天,正巧碰上刮大风,左右侍从就阻止魏文侯去打猎,魏文侯不听,说:“不可以因为风的缘故而失去信用,那样我是不干的。”随后亲自赶着车去了,冒着大风去让虞人停止打猎。

曾子的妻子到市场上去,她的儿子跟着她哭泣。母亲说:“你先回去,等我回来后给你杀猪。”从市场上回来,曾子就要捉猪来杀。他妻子阻止他说:“我只不过是与孩子开玩笑罢了。”曾子说:“孩子是不能和他开玩笑的。小孩子是没有知识的,是跟着父母学习的,是听从父母的教诲的。如今你欺骗他,就是在教他欺骗。母亲欺骗了儿子,儿子就不相信他的母亲了,这不是用来教育孩子的方法啊。”随后把猪杀了煮给孩子吃。

楚厉王有了警报,就用敲鼓的方式来和民众一起防守。有一天喝酒醉了,就错误地敲打鼓,民众大惊。楚厉王派人去阻止民众,说:“我喝酒醉了和身边左右人开玩笑,误打了鼓。”民众这才散去。过了几个月,真的有警报了,楚厉王击鼓而没有民众前来。于是就更改命令明确信号而后民众才相信了他。

李悝警告左右两个营垒中的将士说:“要谨慎地戒备敌人,早晚他们就要来袭击你们。”象这样的警告重复了好几次而敌人都没有来。两个营垒中的将士都松懈了,不相信李悝。过了几个月,秦国军队来袭击,几乎消灭了李悝的军队。这就是不相信人的祸患。

另一种说法:李悝与秦国人交战,告诉左边营垒中的将士说:“快冲上去!右边营垒已经冲上去了。”他又骑马跑到右边营垒中对将士说:“左边营垒已经冲上去了。”左右两个营垒中的将士都说:“我们冲上去。”于是都争先恐后冲上去。到第二年,又与秦国人交战。秦国人来袭击,到后几乎消灭了李悝全军。这就是不相信人的祸患。

卫嗣公派人假扮客商通过关口的集市,集市的官吏刁难客商,就用银子来贿赂集市的官吏,集市的官吏没接受。卫嗣公对集市的官吏说:“曾经有一客商过关市而给你银子,你没有接受让他走了。”集市的官吏非常害怕,认为卫嗣公能明察秋毫。

14.答案(1)一方面描绘水流的悠长和江面的空阔,另一方面以景写情,烘托出客子思归的孤寂之情。

(2)这两句写正值客心孤寂之时,忽见红袖凭楼而更增思家之情。诗人看到红袖凭楼的情景时,一下子联想到家人也在盼望自己归来,于是思家之情更加浓重(或“红袖的悠闲和客心的空回形成鲜明对照,越发衬托出旅思的凄凉,进一步出发了诗人的思家之情。”)。

解析

这首诗收入《樊川外集》,题一作“寄远”。杜牧在文宗开成年间曾任宣州团练判官,南陵是宣州属县,诗大约就写于任职宣州期间。

题称“南陵道中”,没有点明是陆路还是水程。从诗中描写看,理解为水程似乎切当一些。

前两句分写舟行所见水容天色。“漫悠悠”,见水面的平缓、水流的悠长,也透露出江上的空寂。这景象既显出舟行者的心情比较平静容与,也暗透出他一丝羁旅的孤寂。一、二两句之间,似有一个时间过程。“水面漫悠悠”,是清风徐来,水波不兴时的景象。过了一会,风变紧了,云彩因为风的吹送变得稀薄而轻盈,天空显得高远,空气中也散发着秋天的凉意。“欲变秋”的“欲”字,正表现出天气变化的动态。从景物描写可以感到,此刻旅人的心境也由原来的相对平静变得有些骚屑不宁,由原来的一丝淡淡的孤寂进而感到有些清冷了。这些描写,都为第三句的“客心孤迥”作了准备。

正当旅人触物兴感、心境孤迥的时候,忽见岸边的江楼上有红袖女子正在凭栏遥望。三、四两句所描绘的这幅图景,色彩鲜明,饶有画意,不妨当作江南水乡风情画来欣赏。在客心孤迥之时,意绪本来有些索寞无聊,流目江上,忽然望见这样一幅美丽的图景,精神为之一爽,羁旅的孤寂在一时间似乎冲淡了不少。这是从“正是”、“谁家”这样开合相应、摇曳生姿的语调中可以感觉出来的。但这幅图景中的凭楼而望的红袖女子,究竟是怀着闲适的心情览眺江上景色,还是象温庭筠词中所写的那位等待丈夫归来的女子那样,“梳洗罢,独倚望江楼”,在望穿秋水地历数江上归舟呢?这一点,江上舟行的旅人并不清楚,自然也无法向读者交待,只能浑涵地书其即目所见。但无论是闲眺还是望归,对旅人都会有所触动而引起各种不同的联想。

在这里,“红袖凭江楼”的形象内涵的不确定,恰恰为联想的丰富、诗味的隽永创造了有利的条件。这似乎告诉我们,在一定条件下,艺术形象或图景内涵的多歧,不但不是缺点,相反地还是一种优点,因为它使诗的意境变得更富含蕴、更为浑融而耐人寻味,读者也从这种多方面的寻味联想中得到艺术欣赏上的满足。当然,这种不确定仍然离不开“客心孤迥”这样一个特定的情景,因此尽管不同的读者会有不同的联想体味,但总的方向是大体相近的。这正是艺术的丰富与杂乱、含蓄与晦涩的一个重要区别。

15.(1)朝闻道 此情可待成追忆

(2)凌万顷之茫然 怎敌他、晚来风急

(3)在水一方 奏流水以何惭

(4)无以至千里 得失寸心知

解析

常出现的错别字是“可待”写成“岂待”,“ 万顷”写成“万倾”,“怎敌他”写成“怎敌它”,“至”写成“致”。

五、

16.示例:亚洲区域外汇储备库将在年底前成立,中日韩出资最多(或“中日韩出资比例最大”)。

解析

这是一则新闻,共两段,表达两层意思,应分别概括,第一段报道的主要内容是“5月3日,东盟10国与中日韩财长会议在印度尼西亚巴厘岛发表联合公报宣布,亚洲区域外汇储备库将在今年年底前正式成立并运行”,第二段报道的主要内容是“中日韩3国出资的比例”,剔除次要信息,就可得本题答案。

17.示例一:我是植物

我被春天翻译成花朵

我是花朵

我把秋天翻译成果实

示例二:我是雨

我被大地翻译成新绿

我是新绿

我被春天翻译成生机

解析

所仿写的句子要求内容和结构和例句相似,结构特点是:我是……我被……翻译成……;我是……我吧……翻译成……。内容上三个事物要有一定的联系,修辞是暗喻。

18.示例:

画面内容:一女子正在接水,水龙头开到最大,流出的几滴水呈“SOS”状。

寓意:水在呼救,警示我们要节约用水。

解析

漫画内容要按顺序介绍,不遗漏,透过画面,联系社会现象,考虑深层次内容。

六、

(一)

19. 以个人习惯类比人生,引发感悟,为下文作铺垫。

解析

此题从两方面作答,内容上是与下文的人生做类比,结构上是为下文作铺垫。

20.(1)被社会的诱惑和压力左右,在忙忙碌碌和漫无头绪中,忽视了自己的心理世界,迷失了自我。

(2)一个人拥有了自己的心理世界,就会明确行动的方向,无论面对怎样的诱惑和压力,都能保持清醒。

解析

(1)首先能把握这句话的主旨,是机会和压力对人的负面影响,再结合本段的中心“生活在今日的世界,心灵的宁静颇不易得”,答案即可得出。(2)首先理解关键词“坚实的自我”“ 精神的坐标”,再结合本段的中心“寻求心灵的宁静,前提是首先要有一个心灵”, 答案即可得出。

21.记住从社会回到自我的路(或“记住从外部生活回到内心生活的路”),在社会纷争和喧嚣中确立自己的人生坐标,获得充实的生活和宁静的心灵。

22. 世界无限广阔,诱惑永无止境。面对现实提供的一切可能性,我们不应该闭塞与拒绝,要保持开放的心态,出去闯荡一番。与此同时,我们更应该保持清醒,坚守自我,早些找到真正属于自己的位置。

(二)

19.①对乡愁的理解 ②诗人的创作动因 ③诗歌的现状与发展 ④中文的纯洁度

20.(1)余光中认为乡愁并不完全由地理造成,它是历史的乡愁,文化的乡愁,可以升华为民族的感情寄托。(或“余光中所说的乡愁乡愁超出了地理的某一点,融入了历史的、文化的内容,升华或者普遍化为了整个民族的感情寄托”)

(2)这样更有悬念,给读者留下想象的空间。(或“诗歌贵在含蓄,“就要差这两个字”,省略号所包含的内涵就更丰富,更耐人寻味,余味无穷,更有诗意”)

21.(1)文学创作的动力源于作家内心世界的冲突和体验,这正是作家能够创作出优秀作品的根本原因。

(2)心安理得、内心世界过于平静的人,不会产生强烈的创作愿望,也就创作不出优秀的作品。

22.随着时代和社会的发展,语言也在不断地发展和变化,而对语言的发展不能听之任之,需要加以必要的规范。在当今社会背景下,中文既要不断丰富和发展,更要保持其特色和纯洁度。

可以谈要保持中文的纯粹性,为汉语的纯粹性而奋斗,规范网络语言,保持中文特色;也可以谈网络语言是历史发展的必然,要包容。言之有理即可。

七、

23.

作文解析

“见证”一词,《现代汉语词典》注解为“当场目睹可以作证的”,或“指见证人或可作证据的物品”。

见证者可以是人,如:我或我们见证母爱、见证2008等;也可以是物,如一株小草的见证、色彩——惊魂的见证、历史的见证等。见证的内容多为抽象事物,成长历程、某种情感、事物的发展过程等等。适合写成记叙文、散文。从见证的内容角度考虑,比如写我亲眼目睹的事件,写出事件的意义及对自己的重要影响,或写某件事物经历过某个事件或一段时间,从它的角度叙事抒情,如我的小院、我的学校、长城、卢沟桥等。回顾反思社会热点及人生经历,可以写2008年国家、自己经历的风风雨雨及感动、愉悦、兴奋、愤怒的种种事件。

名师指导

“这属于一个半开放式命题,考生写起来应该比较顺手,但想得高分就难了。”语文考试结束后,记者采访了山东省实验中学语文教师成秀梅和济钢高中语文教师陈强,两位老师均表示,今年的作文题让每个考生都有话可说,但文章写精彩比较困难。

成秀梅说,这个题目非常宽泛,考生在审题时没有障碍,可写的内容非常多。这个题目的第一个难点在于如何选择一个小的切入点打开话题,因为题目叫“见证”,考生在写作文时既要写到所见、所闻,又要挖掘它背后的意义和情感,单单写见了什么显然不能完全扣题。成秀梅认为,文章的切入点一定要有意义,而且要巧妙。第二个难点是写作的材料选择,无论考生是选择个人情感、经历还是大事件带来的影响,都不能泛泛而谈,让人看了没有感觉。第三个难点就是考生的文笔,这与平时的训练有关,文笔好、会抒情、选材典型的文章可能更容易博得阅卷人的好感。

陈强表示,这篇作文考生可能大多选择写抒情或议论性文章,这样写起来比较容易,他同样认为,考生只有把思路打开,用个性化的情感和感悟来写作才能写出精彩的文章。考生既可以选择国家大事,也可以选择人间真情。考生无论如何选材,一定要注意挖掘事件背后的东西,感悟要深刻。

另外陈强认为,虽然这个作文题目看似简单,但考察了学生的多种能力,例如描摹、概括、挖掘等,还从一个侧面考查学生是否有丰富的社会经历,在一定程度上鼓励学生多参加社会活动,不读死书。

解析:(1)①冒气泡的原因是Al与NaOH反应了,方程式为:2Al+2OH-+4H2O==2Al(OH)4-+3H2;

使Al(OH)4-生成沉淀,最好是通入CO2,加HNO3的话,沉淀容易溶解。

②阳极是Al发生氧化反应,要生成氧化膜还必须有H2O参加,故电极式 为:2Al+3H2O-6e - Al2O3+6H+;加入NaHCO3溶液后产生气泡和白色沉淀,是由于废电解液中含有Al3+,和HCO3-发生了互促水解。

(2)电镀时,阳极Cu可以发生氧化反应生成Cu2+。

(3)铁被保护,可以是做原电池的负极,或者电解池的阴极,故若X为碳棒,开关K应置于N处,Fe做阴极受到保护;若X为锌,开关K置于M处,铁是做负极,称为牺牲阳极保护法。

文章标签: # the # to # and