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2014年辽宁高考英语语法填空,2014辽宁高考英语改错
tamoadmin 2024-07-03 人已围观
简介1.英语短文敢错中常见的固定短语2.高考英语改错?3.高考英语短文改错怎么做?怎么答题?4.高考英语短文改错中常见的错误类型一、所给短文改错答案:1. eye —— eyes2. Whatever —— Whenever3. lend —— lent4. as ————when5. final ———— finally6. started the school —— started school7
1.英语短文敢错中常见的固定短语
2.高考英语改错?
3.高考英语短文改错怎么做?怎么答题?
4.高考英语短文改错中常见的错误类型
一、所给短文改错答案:
1. eye —— eyes
2. Whatever —— Whenever
3. lend —— lent
4. as ————when
5. final ———— finally
6. started the school —— started school
7. myself ———— me
8. instead ——instead of
9. independence ——independent
10. encoureged ———— encouraging
二、高中英语改错题,高考中以短文改错的形式出现。
三、短文改错命题特点:
借助学生习作形式,呈现学生在日常写作和英语学习中最容易出现的问题,并要求结合全文语境和表达需要进行错误改正。
四、错误设置:
高考短文改错,一共设置10处错误,按照修改出的错误和正确修改的数量计分,每小题1分。从第11处多改都不得分。
五、错误形式和修改方法:
错误形式及修改方法共有三种:
错词,指按照行文需要使用错误的词,在原行错误词下面划线,并在线下写出正确的词。
多词:在表达中多余的词,在原行中用斜线划掉。
少/缺词:表达中漏掉的必须用的词,在原行中缺词处划漏字符,并在漏字符下写出正确表达所需要的词。
六、高考短文改错常考考点:
结合短文,考查常见表达中容易出现的语法和搭配错误。
主要语法考点包括:
名词:可数和不可数,单复数变化。
冠词:不定冠词a/an;定冠词the;零冠词。
代词:数,性,格的正确使用和变化,反身代词等。
形容词,副词:表达中需要的形容词,副词混用及正确表达。
数词:基数词,序数词,分数,百分数等。
动词:动词时态,语态,语气;非谓语动词,动词单三形式,过去式,过去分词,-ing1形式等变化。
介词:介词正确搭配和使用。
连词:句子和上下文正确表达所需要的连词,从属连词等。
七、短文改错例文及修改说明:
Dear Jeremy and Alice,
Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors, we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog—Cleo.
We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she’s outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o’clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.
We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.
Sincerely,
Jack and Rose
1.第一段:去掉bothers后的to bother sb.打扰某人。
2.第二段第一句:time→times 考查名词复数。several times好几次。
3.第二段第二句:understanding→understand 根据it’s difficult to do sth.句型可知。
4.第二段第三句:have→has 考查主谓一致。the early morning barking为单数,所以谓语动词也应为单数形式。
5.第二段第四句:Beside→Besides 此处应为副词besides而不是介词beside。
6.第二段第四句:average前的a→an 考查冠词。average为以元音音素开头的单词,所以应用冠词an。
7.第二段第五句:starts→started 考查时态。因为是今天早晨发生的事情,所以用一般过去时。
8.第二段第六句:closely→close 考查形容词。形容词close作表语。
9.第三段:our→your 考查物主代词。
10.第三段:在figure后加out 根据动词短语figure out(想出)可知答案。
英语短文敢错中常见的固定短语
很多高中生在做英语改错题的时候不知道怎么答题 ,往往在改错部分丢分严重,下面我为大家整理了英语短文改错套路以及相关答题技巧,供参考!
英语短文改错十点套路有哪些
1.谓语动词:①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;④缺少动词,特别是be动词;⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
2.名词:单复数错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。
3.连词:连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/or/but等。关于连词,一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。
4.冠词:误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)
5.形容词和副词:系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。
6.代词:代词的主格和宾格(i/me;he/him;she/her;we/usthey/them)错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。
7.非谓语动词:不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
8.介词:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用
9.数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用,以及hundred,thousand,dozen,score等词和具体数量词连用时的用法以及表示约数的用法。
10.上下文的逻辑关系:but,and,so,however,otherwise等一些并列连词和连接副词的误用。before,after,when,until,since等状语从句引导词的误用等。还有肯定和否定的误用等。
高考英语改错技巧总结一、答题前先8看:
1.句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个句子要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3.非谓语动词的用法;
4.名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确;
5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;
8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
二、短文改错答题4原则:
1.改动以最少为原则;
2.虚词以添加或删除为原则;
3.实词以改变词形为原则;
4.以保持句子原意为原则。
答题步骤:通读全文,掌握大意; 整句分析,逐行推敲。
英语短文改错规律有哪些考点1关联词使用不当
[典例1] After looking at the toy for some time,he turned around and found where his parents were missing.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析句意为:他转过身发现父母不见了。由句意可知宾语从句句意完整,不缺少成分,所以应该用that引导从句或省略。故去掉where或将where改为that。
[典例2] There the air is clean or the mountains are green.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
分析两个简单句之间为并列关系而非选择关系,所以将or改为and。
考点2多余或缺少连词
[典例1] Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析在让步状语从句中,although不可以与but连用,因为although位于句首,故只能去掉but或将but改为yet。
[典例2] He had a deep voice,which set him apart from others in our small town,he was strong and powerful.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析句中which引导的是定语从句,修饰主句He had a deep voice,而主句与从句后的分句he was strong and powerful之间缺少连词,根据他们的并列关系,确定he前加and。
考点3介词与连词混用
[典例] In fact,he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析句中during为介词,不可以连接两个独立谓语的句子,根据逻辑关系,后一个分句应为when引导的时间状语从句。故during应改为when。
高考英语改错?
高考英语短文改错
常见错误类型
高考英语改错题是考生感到棘手的题型之一。笔者对近几年的高考英语改错题作了细致的分析并加以归类后,发现错误类型主要集中在以下方面。(例题保留原题号)
1. 动词时态
每年都有时态错误的小题,而且改动基本集中在一般过去时与一般现在时之间。时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据。
(1)(2003全国卷)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was... 84. read
(and连接并列谓语)
(2)(2004江苏卷)At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized
(and连接并列谓语)
(3)(2004全国卷) Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk
(根据sometimes可判断此句为一般现在时)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I will write again and send you the photos we take together. 85. took
(把照片寄给你,应该是已经拍好的,用过去时)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ) There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money. 77. is
(从上下文判断,应该是现在时,谓语用is)
(6)(2005江苏卷)We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept
(and连接并列谓语)
2. 名词单复数
单复数互改是高考英语改错题的基本题型之一,改动的依据有:一是根据名词前的修饰限定成份;二是根据上下文的逻辑关系。
(1)(2003全国卷)Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85. words
(是把word改为words 还是把were改为was,根据名词前的修饰限定词their来决定。)
(2)(2004江苏)that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months
(several修饰复数名词)
(3)(2004全国卷Ⅰ) a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes
(a few修饰复数名词)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)But one and a half year later. 79. years
(one and a half意思为一年半,故判断此处year应为复数形式)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)There are advantage for students to work... 76. advantages
(从there are 判断应该用名词复数)
3. 句子结构
句子结构方面的错误范围庞大,解答高考英语改错题主要可以从以下几方面来思考:1)句子结构是否完整,成份是否冗缺;2)单词的词性与其在句中的功能是否相符;3)主谓一致;4)复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。
(1)(2004 全国卷)I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. 78. because/as
(复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当)
(2)(2004 全国卷Ⅱ) I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. 81. why
(复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当)
(3)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use. 78. work
(缺谓语动词)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything if they like. 79. allows
(主语是动名词短语Earning their own money,谓语应该用单数)
(5)(2005江苏卷)But the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability. 84. was
(主语是第三人称单数)
4. 赘述
高考英语改错题中的赘述是指在一些固定表达中或从上下文逻辑来看用了多余的词,从而使句子表达不合规范或造成逻辑上的重复。
(1)(2003全国卷80)I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 80. should
(并列谓语,should多余)
(2)(2004 全国卷)Can you tell me about what I should do? 85. about
(tell sb about/of sth或tell sb接从句)
(3)(2004重庆卷)I had to look up to the same word many times, ... 78. to
(look up a word查字典)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Some students may also to save up for their college or future use. 84. to
(情态动词may后接动词原形)
(5)(2005江苏卷) But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. 83. for
(but是连词for是介词,不能并列)
5. 固定结构(固定句型、固定短语、固定搭配)
所谓固定结构是指英语中一些不能随意更改的习惯表达。如固定短语中的词不能缺,固定搭配要前后一致等。
(1)(2003全国卷81)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was ... 81. talking
(enjoy doing为固定短语)
(2)(2004 全国卷Ⅰ)I am sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. 79. at
(laugh at sb. 固定短语)
(3)(2004 浙江卷)from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world. 82. with
(provide ... with为固定短语)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 76. for
(thank sb for sth)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ) or for permission to do things by money. 83. with
(with money)
6. 冠词
英语中冠词只有三个,从高考英语改错题的角度来看,只能从以下几个方向出题:1)不定冠词a和an互改;2)不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改;3)根据需要增删冠词。
(1)(2004 全国卷Ⅲ)I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. 77. the
(根据句义是特指这个周末)
(2)(2004江苏卷)When I was ∧boy, ... 76. ∧a
(我是一个男孩,应用不定冠词 a.)
(3)(2004 辽宁卷)This was my first visit to a English family. 78. an
(English开头字母是元音,应该用an)
(4)(2004重庆卷)I started writing down words from ∧ books that I read. 82. ∧the
(名词后由从句修饰时,应使用定冠词)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I hope you’ve had∧pleasant journey home and will come to China 83. ∧a
7. 代词
代词不仅要与其所指代对象一致,其运用还要符合上下文的语气及逻辑关系。
(1)(2004 浙江卷)And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own ... 78. their
(指代对象应一致)
(2)(2004湖北卷)You have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. 83. them
(pupils 是复数,后应该用替代复数名词的代词。)
(3)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Some students may also save up for our college or future use. 85. their
(指代对象应一致)
(4)(2005江苏卷)We often play a trick on himself. 79. him
(play a trick on sb)
8. 连词及与并置问题
连词连接的前后两部分是否合乎逻辑;并列连词所连接的前后两部分结构是否等同。这两点是解答连词及其相关问题的关键所在。
(1)(2004江苏卷)My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. 79. and (从句意可知,此处表并列关系,应用and)
(2)(2004全国卷Ⅳ)My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there. 82. and
(并列关系,“于是、同时、然后”等意思)
(3)(2004全国卷Ⅱ)I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 77. quiet
(连接的词性应一致)
9. 易混淆的词或词组
易混淆的词既包括词意相同或相近的同义词、近义词,也包括外形相似、意义有别的词组。易混淆词或词组的辨析也是高考改错题中不容忽视的部分。
(1)(2004全国卷Ⅰ)Finding information on the Net is easily. 83. easy
(be easy 非常容易,形容词做表语)
(2)(2004福建卷)She called 119 immediate. 84. immediately
(副词做状语)
(3)(2003全国卷)I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 78. everything
(在陈述句中一般用everything)
(4)(2004 重庆卷)...but I had terribly problems memorizing them. 77. terrible
(作定语应用形容词)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)My pronunciation was terribly. 78.terrible
(系动词后用形容词作表语)
以上错误类型的划分不一定很科学,但至少能为考生解答高考英语改错题提供思考方法。一旦考生认清了高考英语改错题的特点、解题方法以及错误类型,解题时就不会盲目从事,而能做到有的放矢。
短文改错题常见的错误类型
1、冠词的多用、少用、混用。
2、名词 的数与格的误用。
3、主谓不一致的错误。学生往往容易忽视定语从句中强调句型中的主谓一致性。
4、代词的指代不一致的错误。代词的指代一致性包括人称、数、格和性四方面的统一。代词的人称可分为第一、二、三人称和非人称;代词的数分为单数和复数;代词的格分为主格、宾格、所有格还有名词性物主代词;代词的性分为阳性、阴性和中性。
5、动词的时态、语态和语气的误用。多数动词有时态、语态、和语气变化形式,还有上下文的时态呼应,主从句的时态一致。
6、非谓语动词的误用。非谓语动词的难点主要体现在V—ing形式和过去分词的用法区别、V—ing形式与不定式的用法区别、以及非谓语动词的时态、语态的正确运用。
7、形容词、副词的混用及其比较等级的误用。形容词一般在句中作定语修饰名词或代词,作表语说明主语的性质、特征;而副词的作用较复杂,常常修饰形容词 、副词 、介词短语、动词或全句。形容词和副词比较等级的误用现象:①省略不当;②自身比较;③修饰语的误用;④than连接的两个比较对象不一致或不平行。
8、关联词语的误用。关联词分并列连词 and,but,or,so,when等,从属连词——各种从句的引导词。关联词语的误用除涉及到其基础知识,还涉及至行文逻辑关系。短文改错题惯用的命题手法是:①and,but,or,so等之间的混用;②because与so并用;③although与but并用;④why 与because并用;⑤come与go混用;⑥here与there混用。
9、平行结构的误用。平行结构是指用一连串作用和结构相同的或相似的成份表达同一范畴或同一性质、密切关联的内容。平行结构有词之间的平行、词组之间的平行、句子或从句之间的平行、段落之间的平行。在平行结构中常用的并列连词 有and,but,or,than等。
10、成分的多与少——多一词或少一词。多或少的词语,常见于冠词、介词、不定式标记to等,不过有时也可能是实义词。在短文改错中常出现repeat back,serve for等错误。这类错误大多由于学生受汉语表达习惯的影响,或对英语词义的理解不够准确造成的。
11、固定搭配、习惯用法和介词的误用。短文改错中涉及到固定搭配、习惯用法常常多用、少用或误用其中的介词,有时也涉及到其中的动词、冠词的错误搭配。
短文改错题常见的错误类型剖析
1、多词
①多冠词。I caught a sigh of my English in the crowd。[析]sight是不可数名词,且cath sight of是固定搭配,意为“看见”。故应去掉a。
②多介词。We practice for three times every week。此例中是作时间状语的名词短语多了介词,故应去掉for
③固定搭配中多词。I was used to watch it 。此 例属于used to do 与be used to两个固定搭配的误用,据句意应去was。即“过去常常”之意。
④行文逻辑上多词。First,let me tell you something more about myself .由first可知是刚刚开始向别人讲述自己的事情,故只能说something ,而不要加more.
⑤词义重复。I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. the whole weekend 意为“整个周末”,再加上all ,词义重复。故去all.
⑥出现冗言现象。Today I visited the Smiths __my first time visit to an American family . 本句中first 修饰visit ,vsit 此处为名词,意为“我的第一次访问”,time多余。
2、缺词
①名词前缺限定词。The day before the speech contest English teacher talked to me .根据上下文分析,此处English teacher 是有所指的,指的是“我的”英语教师,故应English teacher 前加上my ,表达一个更确切的概念。
②缺动词不定式符号to. I’d like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning .would like 后面不能直接加动词,需to,构成固定搭配would like to do something,意为“想做某事”。
③缺系动词。What your favorite sport ?本句缺谓语动词,应在What后面加is .
短文改错的解题步骤
1、通读短文,把握文意。快速阅读短文,了解短文大意,利用短文大意攻克文中的错误,切忌拿到短文提笔就改。2、依据句意和语法逐句判断。错误是按行设置的,但找错不是以行为单位寻找,必须依据句意和语法分析,逐句或跨行寻找错误。3、先易后难,逐类排查。先找出比较明显的错误,逐步缩小 错误的范围。十行之中有一行是正确的。4、利用行文逻辑,突破改错难点。有些行文逻辑错误,从词法、句法的角度看是正确的,但是通过上下文的逻辑分析就会发现是错误的。
5、复读短文,检查答案,注意行文逻辑关系的正确合理。
6、严格按照试题要求答题,万万不能随心所欲解题。
短文改错的解题技巧
1、利用排除法进行短文改错,所谓“排除法”就是在理解单句或短文大意基本把握住文章整体时态的前提下,行不离句,句不离文,将句子分成若干语段,逐一排除,使错误缩小到最小范围。再根据基础知识进行扩散性思考,从而快速找到答案。
2、发现有平行结构,就要检查是否有用词不一致或因成分短缺而引起的句子不平衡错误。如:She was eating her sandwich and drank her milk at the table when I arrived .此句中并列的平行结构是两个语法上相同的谓语,故应把drank改drinking.
3、发现有比较结构,就要检查是否有形容词、副词的比较级,比较的对象等方面的错误。如:In some places you can borrow many books as you want ,根据上下文不难发现该句含“as……as”结构的句子,所以应在many前加上as。
4、发现有转折、因果、对比等结构时,就要检查是否有行文逻辑方面的错误。如:His company publishes books and he buys books all over the world .按行文逻辑,应把buys 改sells.又如:I like singing ,my brother likes dancing .英语中两个分句之间不能仅仅用逗号,而要用合适的连词连接。故以上两个分句之间要加上连词while 表示对比。
5、发现句子有多重结构,就要检查是否有时态、语态、连词或成分短缺等错误。如:He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there .该句犯了连词重复使用的错误,应去掉immediately.
6、发现有特殊疑问句结构,就要检查是否有疑问词使用不当的错误。如:---How many was the price of your car ?---I bought the car at cheap price ,only S2,000.英语中问价格时,可用what price 或how much 提问。回答时常用high price low price .所以应把句子中的How many 改为What ,把答句中cheap 改为low.
7、发现有名词和代词时,就要检查是否有数、所有格或指代不一致的错误。如:Some people read the books or watch TV, while others have sports .去掉books前的the ,books在此表示泛指。
8、发现有固定短语时,就要检查副词、介词、冠词是否使用错误。如:Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd .caught sight of (看见)是固定词组,所以要去掉a.
9、发现并列主语、从句、不定代词、集合名词、非谓语动词、时间、金钱等作主语,together with, as well as 等引导的成份修饰主语时,就要检查是否有主谓不一致的错误。如:Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit .but also 后面的分句的主语也是playing football,其谓语动词应当用单数,故give应改为gives .
10、发现有特殊动词结构时,就要检查其特殊用法是否正确。如:He made me to post a letter for him .英语中的感官动词see; look at ;watch ; notice; observe ; hear; listen to 等,使役动词let ;make ; have 等后面所跟的复合宾语中,如果由不定式的短语作宾语补足语,不定式须省去to.故应去掉句中的to.
11、发现有非谓语动词作状语、表语或定语时,就要检查是否有非谓语动词和逻辑主语不一致的错误。如;The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry it .该句型中不定式to carry 逻辑上的宾语就是句子中的主语,所以句中的it是多余,应去掉。
短文改错题中动词错误的解题思路
1、如果该动词在句中作谓语,可考虑其时时态和语态。如:Anyone may borrow books ,and it cost nothing to borrow them (cost----costs) 如:Books may be keep for two weeks (keep kept )
2、如果该动词不作谓语,可试着改成非谓语动词形式。如:I look forward to hear from you soon .(hear -----hearing ) 如:play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also (play-------playing )
短文改错的考点分析
短文改错是一种对基础知识与综合技能的检测题。它主要检测考生对词法、句法和语篇中的行为逻辑等的把握。
1、词法:主要涉及名词的单复数;人称代词的性、数、格;不定代词和连接代词的用法;动词的时态和语态;情态动词和非谓语动词的用法;定冠词不定冠词的用法;并列连词和从属连词的看法;介词的搭配;形容词和副词的区别及其比较级和最高级的用法;词语的固定搭配和习惯用法等。
2、句法:各类从句的连接;主谓一致;省略与替代;否定句型;强调句型;句子结构的连贯性、完整性等。
3、语篇:短文时态的前后呼应、代词的前后一致、逻辑的前后顺应等。
短文改错中错词的误用
1、名词单复数误用。She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. 根据句意分析,schoolmate应改为复数形式。
2、非谓语动词误用。I was often a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV demands very little effort .根据句意分析,and连接两个不同的事情,故watch 应以动名词watching 作主语。
3、连词误用。It looks as if my parents treat ,me as a visitor and a guest !分析后各知。本句话意思为“看起来我的父母亲把我当成了visitor或gust 了。“二者为选择关系,而非并列关系,故应将 and改为or.
4、关系代词与关系副词误用。I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.此句后一部分是非限制性定语从句,应用关系代词which作主语。
5、限定词误用。We may be one family and live under a same roof .same 意为“同样的”,前面应加定冠词the ,而不是a。
6、词义辨析误用。They did not want me to do my work at family .family 侧重指“家庭这个结构或家里人”,而home 则侧重指“家庭的所在地”。因此“在家里”应用at home.
短文改错中“一致性”问题
1、主谓一致
2、时态与语态的一致
3、代词先后指代一致
4、名词数的一致
5、平行结构中的一致
6、全文写作逻辑语义一致
高考英语短文改错怎么做?怎么答题?
1,第一个 living ,在这里是非谓语形式,与逻辑主语American是主动关系,因此用doing形式。 不能用live,是因为live是做谓语动词的。在一个简单句里面是只能有一个谓语动词(表示时态),这句话里面谓语动词是is,所以当出现第二个动词的时候只能用非谓语
2,went在这里是“变得”的意思,可以看做were,做系动词,后面用形容词作表语
3,for many years. 指的是持续很多年,当一个时间段不作为主要成分(主语,宾语,表语)时,前面是要加介词的
4,你出错的第二个 China has made,里面的has nade是现在完成时,时间状语是in the past 30 years. 是截止到现在。had made是过去完成时,是截止到之前某个时间,比如说by last year,截止到去年。
5,跟3题同样理由,had改成have,现在完成时
6,get out of poverty 摆脱贫困,这里的of是不应该去的,不知道你有没有记错答案
7,growing up 里面的up应该去掉,数字在增长,growing就可以。 grow up一般指的是人的成长
8,of great help=helpfulgreat是形容词,后面加名词be of+抽象名词=be +形容词如,be of use=be useful
be of interest=be interesting
be of importance=be important
高考英语短文改错中常见的错误类型
短文改错解题思路和检查原则:
1.句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个句子要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3.非谓语动词的用法;
4.名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确;
5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;
8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则:改动以最少为原则; 虚词以添加或删除为原则; 实词以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤:通读全文,掌握大意; 整句分析,逐行推敲
反复通读,复查验证。解题注意要点和能力培养:1.核对错项时,若的确有一时难以改出的地方,可以参考所改动项是否基本符合?1:1:8?的比例。即多一词1个,缺词1个,错词8个。
2.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广,一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。
3.核对答题符号是否规范,位置是否准确,看看有无遗漏符号,忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。
短文改错常见错误类型:1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改为do,错误类型属于①) As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改为visited, 错误类型属于②) Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④) Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改为were,错误类型属于③)
2. 名词的常见错误:单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。I?ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改为subjects) Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改为words) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词,一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend who?s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的'所有格形式,改为whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折,but改为and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意为?尽管?,不能再跟but连用,所以去掉but)
4. 冠词错误:误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the,thesame 是固定搭配) Aseveryone knows, it?s famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词,所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可数名词,故have后加a)
5. 形容词和副词错误:系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。I?m sure we?ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词,terribly改为terrible.)
6. 代词错误:代词的主格和宾格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改为myself) One dayI wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.(to前加it) If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) What?smore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改为them)
7. 非谓语动词的常见错误:不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy 后需接动名词,talk改为talking) But hisparents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主语,应改为going) Children may not develop the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语,read改为reading) Iparticularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you andsaw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致,故saw改为seeing)
8. 介词错误:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用 Thereare too many people among my family. (among改为in,in myfamily 为固定搭配) I wasso tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched thepillow. (去掉at, themoment 引导从句)
1、冠词的多用、少用、混用。
2、名词 的数与格的误用。
3、主谓不一致的错误。学生往往容易忽视定语从句中强调句型中的主谓一致性。
4、代词的指代不一致的错误。代词的指代一致性包括人称、数、格和性四方面的统一。代词的人称可分为第一、二、三人称和非人称;代词的数分为单数和复数;代词的格分为主格、宾格、所有格还有名词性物主代词;代词的性分为阳性、阴性和中性。
5、动词的时态、语态和语气的误用。多数动词有时态、语态、和语气变化形式,还有上下文的时态呼应,主从句的时态一致。
6、非谓语动词的误用。非谓语动词的难点主要体现在V—ing形式和过去分词的用法区别、V—ing形式与不定式的用法区别、以及非谓语动词的时态、语态的正确运用。
7、形容词、副词的混用及其比较等级的误用。形容词一般在句中作定语修饰名词或代词,作表语说明主语的性质、特征;而副词的作用较复杂,常常修饰形容词 、副词 、介词短语、动词或全句。形容词和副词比较等级的误用现象:①省略不当;②自身比较;③修饰语的误用;④than连接的两个比较对象不一致或不平行。
8、关联词语的误用。关联词分并列连词 and,but,or,so,when等,从属连词——各种从句的引导词。关联词语的误用除涉及到其基础知识,还涉及至行文逻辑关系。短文改错题惯用的命题手法是:①and,but,or,so等之间的混用;②because与so并用;③although与but并用;④why 与because并用;⑤come与go混用;⑥here与there混用。
9、平行结构的误用。平行结构是指用一连串作用和结构相同的或相似的成份表达同一范畴或同一性质、密切关联的内容。平行结构有词之间的平行、词组之间的平行、句子或从句之间的平行、段落之间的平行。在平行结构中常用的并列连词 有and,but,or,than等。
10、成分的多与少——多一词或少一词。多或少的词语,常见于冠词、介词、不定式标记to等,不过有时也可能是实义词。在短文改错中常出现repeat back,serve for等错误。这类错误大多由于学生受汉语表达习惯的影响,或对英语词义的理解不够准确造成的。
11、固定搭配、习惯用法和介词的误用。短文改错中涉及到固定搭配、习惯用法常常多用、少用或误用其中的介词,有时也涉及到其中的动词、冠词的错误搭配。 c_kan();
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